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Book 12 – Chapter 251
BORI CE: 12-251-001 युधिष्ठिर उवाच BORI CE: 12-251-002 धर्मो न्वयमिहार्थः किममुत्रार्थोऽपि वा भवेत् |
MN DUTT: 08-086-001 युधिष्ठिर उवाच इमे वै मानवाः सर्वे धर्म प्रति विशङ्किताः |
M. N. Dutt: Yudhisthira said All men who live on this Earth, are filled with doubts regarding the nature .or righteousness. Who is this that is called Righteousness? Whence also does Righteousness come? come? Tell me this, O Grandfather! Is Righteousness for this world or for the next world? Or, is it for both here and hereafter? Tell me this, O grandfather?" |
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BORI CE: 12-251-003 भीष्म उवाच |
MN DUTT: 08-086-002 भीष्म उवाच सदाचारः स्मृतिर्वेदास्त्रिविधं धर्मलक्षणम् |
M. N. Dutt: The practices of the good, the Smritis and the Vedas, are the three marks of righteousness. Besides these, the learned have said that the object (of doing works) is the fourth mark. |
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BORI CE: 12-251-004 अपि ह्युक्तानि कर्माणि व्यवस्यन्त्युत्तरावरे |
MN DUTT: 08-086-003 अपि झुक्तानि धाणि व्यवस्यन्त्युत्तरावरे |
M. N. Dutt: The Rishis of old have said what acts are righteous and also classificd them as superior or inferior in point of merit. The rules of righteousness have been sanctioned for the conduct of the affairs of the world. |
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BORI CE: 12-251-005 अलब्ध्वा निपुणं धर्मं पापः पापे प्रसज्जति |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 08-086-004 उभयत्र सुखोदर्क इह चैव परत्र च |
M. N. Dutt: In both the worlds, here and hereafter, righteousness begets happiness as its fruit. A sinful person, unable to acquire merit by subtile ways, becomes sullied with sin only. |
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BORI CE: 12-251-006 अपापवादी भवति यदा भवति धर्मवित् |
MN DUTT: 08-086-005 न च पापकृतः पापान्मुच्यन्ते केचिदापदि |
M. N. Dutt: Some hold that sinful wights can never be purged of their sins. In times of difficulty a person by even speaking an untruth acquires the merit of speaking the truth. So a person who performs a sinful act acquires by that very means the merit of having done a pious act. Conduct is the refuge of righteousness. Helped by it you should know what righteousness is. |
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BORI CE: 12-251-007 यदाधर्मसमाविष्टो धनं गृह्णाति तस्करः |
MN DUTT: 08-086-006 यथा धर्मसमाविष्टो धानं गृह्णाति तस्करः |
M. N. Dutt: The very thief, stealing others things, spends them in acts of seeming virtue. During anarchy, the thief takes great pleasure in approaching what belongs to others. |
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BORI CE: 12-251-008 यदास्य तद्धरन्त्यन्ये तदा राजानमिच्छति |
MN DUTT: 08-086-007 यदास्य तद्धरन्त्यन्ये तदा राजानमिच्छति |
M. N. Dutt: When others, however, rob him of what he has gained by robbery, he then seeks a king. At even such a time, when he is highly indignant for his rights of property being violated, he secretly hankers after the riches of those who are contented with their own. |
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BORI CE: 12-251-009 अभीतः शुचिरभ्येति राजद्वारमशङ्कितः |
MN DUTT: 08-086-008 अभीतः शुचिरभ्येति राजद्वारमशङ्कितः |
M. N. Dutt: Fearlessly and without a doubt in his mind he goes to the king's palace, with a mind purged of every sin. Within even his own heart he does not see mark of any evil act. |
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BORI CE: 12-251-010 सत्यस्य वचनं साधु न सत्याद्विद्यते परम् |
MN DUTT: 08-086-009 सत्यस्य वचनं साधु न सत्याद् विद्यते परम् |
M. N. Dutt: To speak the truth is meritorious. There is nothing superior to truth. Everything is supported by truth, and everything depends upon truth. |
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BORI CE: 12-251-011 अपि पापकृतो रौद्राः सत्यं कृत्वा पृथक्पृथक् |
MN DUTT: 08-086-010 अपि पापकृतो रौद्राः कृत्वा पृथक् पृथक् |
M. N. Dutt: Even the sinful and dreadful persons swearing to keep the truth amongst themselves, do away with all grounds of quarrel and in a body perform their (sinful) deeds, depending upon truth. If they behaved falsely towards one another, they would, forsooth, he destroyed. |
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BORI CE: 12-251-012 न हर्तव्यं परधनमिति धर्मः सनातनः |
MN DUTT: 08-086-011 न हर्तव्यं परधनमिति धर्मः सनातनः |
M. N. Dutt: One should not take other's properties. That is an eternal duty. Powerful men consider it as one that has been introduced by the weak. |
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BORI CE: 12-251-013 न ह्यत्यन्तं बलयुता भवन्ति सुखिनोऽपि वा |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 08-086-012 यदा नियतिदौर्बल्यमथैषामेव रोचते |
M. N. Dutt: When, however, ill luck overtakes, these men they the approve of this injunction. Again, they who surpass others in strength or power do not necessarily become happy. |
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BORI CE: 12-251-014 असाधुभ्योऽस्य न भयं न चोरेभ्यो न राजतः |
MN DUTT: 08-086-013 तस्मादनार्जवे बुद्धिर्न कार्या ते कदाचन |
M. N. Dutt: Therefore, do not ever think of doing a wrong act. One behaving in this way has no fear of dishonest men or thieves, or the king. Not having injured any one, such a man lives fearlessly and with a pure heart. |
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BORI CE: 12-251-015 सर्वतः शङ्कते स्तेनो मृगो ग्राममिवेयिवान् |
MN DUTT: 08-086-014 सर्वतः शङ्कते स्तेनो मृगो ग्राममिवेयिवान् |
M. N. Dutt: A thief fears every body, like a deer driven from the forest into the midst of an inhabited village. He considers other people as sinful as himself. |
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BORI CE: 12-251-016 मुदितः शुचिरभ्येति सर्वतो निर्भयः सदा |
MN DUTT: 08-086-015 मुदितः शुचिरभ्येति सर्वतो निर्भयः सदा |
M. N. Dutt: A pure-hearted person is always filled with cheerfulness and has no fear from any where. Such a person never sees his own misconduct in other persons. |
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BORI CE: 12-251-017 दातव्यमित्ययं धर्म उक्तो भूतहिते रतैः |
MN DUTT: 08-086-016 दातव्यमित्ययं धर्म उक्तो भूतहिते रतैः |
M. N. Dutt: Persons who do good to all creatures have said that charity is another high duty. The rich people think that this duty has been laid down by the poor. |
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BORI CE: 12-251-018 यदा नियतिकार्पण्यमथैषामेव रोचते |
MN DUTT: 08-086-017 यदा नियतिकार्पण्यमथैषामेव रोचते |
M. N. Dutt: When, however, those wealthy men become poor on account of some bad turn of fortune, they then appreciate the practice of charity. Men who are highly rich do not necessarily experience happiness. |
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BORI CE: 12-251-019 यदन्यैर्विहितं नेच्छेदात्मनः कर्म पूरुषः |
MN DUTT: 08-086-018 यदन्यैर्विहितं नेच्छेदात्मनः कर्म न तत् परेषु कुर्वीत जानन्नप्रिययात्मनः |
M. N. Dutt: A person should never do that to others which he does not like to be done to him by others, knowing how painful it is to himself. |
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BORI CE: 12-251-020 योऽन्यस्य स्यादुपपतिः स कं किं वक्तुमर्हति |
MN DUTT: 08-086-019 पूरुषः |
M. N. Dutt: What can a man seeking another man's wife say to another man? It is seen, however, that even such a man, when he sees his wife with another person, becomes unable to forgive the act. |
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BORI CE: 12-251-021 जीवितुं यः स्वयं चेच्छेत्कथं सोऽन्यं प्रघातयेत् |
MN DUTT: 08-086-020 जीवितुं यः स्वयं चेच्छेत् कथं सोऽन्यं प्रघातयेत् |
M. N. Dutt: How can a person who wishes to himself take breath think of preventing another by a murderous act from doing the same? Whatever wishes one cherishes about his own self, one should certainly cherish regarding another. |
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BORI CE: 12-251-022 अतिरिक्तैः संविभजेद्भोगैरन्यानकिंचनान् |
MN DUTT: 08-086-021 अतिरिक्तैः संविभजेद् भोगैरन्यानकिंचनान् |
M. N. Dutt: With his surplus riches he should remove the wants of the poor. Therefore the Creator ordained the practice of multiplying one's wealth. |
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BORI CE: 12-251-023 यस्मिंस्तु देवाः समये संतिष्ठेरंस्तथा भवेत् |
MN DUTT: 08-086-022 यस्मिस्तु देवाः समये संतिष्ठेरंस्तथा भवेत् |
M. N. Dutt: One should walk along that road by proceeding along which he may hope to meet with the gods; or, at such times when wealth is acquired, the duties of sacrifice and gift are highly spoken of. |
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BORI CE: 12-251-024 सर्वं प्रियाभ्युपगतं धर्ममाहुर्मनीषिणः |
MN DUTT: 08-086-023 सर्वं प्रियाभ्युपगतं धर्ममाहुर्मनीषिणः |
M. N. Dutt: The sages have said that righteousness consists in the performance of objects by means of agreeable means. See, O Yudhisthira, that this is the standard that has been upheld in pointing out the marks of virtue and sin. |
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BORI CE: 12-251-025 लोकसंग्रहसंयुक्तं विधात्रा विहितं पुरा |
MN DUTT: 08-086-024 लोकसंग्रहसंयुक्तं विधात्रा विहितं पुरा |
M. N. Dutt: In days of yore the Creator ordained virtue gifting it with the power of holding the world together. The excellent conduct of the good, is subjected to restraints for acquiring virtue which depends upon many delicate considerations. |
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BORI CE: 12-251-026 धर्मलक्षणमाख्यातमेतत्ते कुरुसत्तम |
MN DUTT: 08-086-025 धर्मलक्षणमाख्यातमेतत् ते कुरुसत्तम |
M. N. Dutt: The marks of virtue have now been described to you, O best of Kuru's race? Do not, therefore, at any time think of doing a wrong act. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 08-086-026 धर्मलक्षणमाख्यातमेतत् ते कुरुसत्तम |
M. N. Dutt: The marks of virtue have now been described to you, O best of Kuru's race? Do not, therefore, at any time think of doing a wrong act. |
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