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Book 12 – Chapter 254
BORI CE: 12-254-001 भीष्म उवाच |
MN DUTT: 08-089-001 भीष्म उवाच इत्युक्तः स तदा तेन तुलाधारेण धीमता |
M. N. Dutt: Thus accosted by the intelligent Tuladhara on that occasion, the highly intelligent Jajali, that foremost of ascetics, said these words to him: |
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BORI CE: 12-254-002 विक्रीणानः सर्वरसान्सर्वगन्धांश्च वाणिज |
MN DUTT: 08-089-002 जाजलिरुवाच विक्रीणत: सर्वरसान् सर्वगन्धांश्च वाणिज |
M. N. Dutt: You sell all sorts of juices and scents, O son of a trader, as also (barks and leaves of) huge trees and herbs and their fruits and roots. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-003 अध्यगा नैष्ठिकीं बुद्धिं कुतस्त्वामिदमागतम् |
MN DUTT: 08-089-003 अध्यगा नैष्ठिकी बुद्धिं कुतस्त्वामिदमागतम् |
M. N. Dutt: But how have you gained this stability of understanding? How have you gained this knowledge? O you of great intelligence, tell me all this fully. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-004 एवमुक्तस्तुलाधारो ब्राह्मणेन यशस्विना |
MN DUTT: 08-089-004 भीष्म उवाच एवमुक्तस्तुलाधारो ब्राह्मणेन यशस्विना |
M. N. Dutt: Thus accosted by that highly famous Brahmana, Tuladhara of the Vaishya caste, well acquatinted with the truths of morality and contented with knowledge, described to Jajali who had practised severe penances, the ways of morality. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-005 वेदाहं जाजले धर्मं सरहस्यं सनातनम् |
MN DUTT: 08-089-005 तुलाधार उवाच वेदाहं जाजले धर्मं सरहस्यं सनातनम् |
M. N. Dutt: Tuladhara said a O Jajali, I know, with all its mysteries, morality, which is eternal. It is nothing else but that ancient morality which every body knows, and which consists of universal friendliness, and beneficence to all creatures. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-006 अद्रोहेणैव भूतानामल्पद्रोहेण वा पुनः |
MN DUTT: 08-089-006 अद्रोहेणैव भूतानामल्पद्रोहेण वा पुनः |
M. N. Dutt: The highest form of morality consists in a living which is founded upon total harmlessness towards all creatures or upon the smallness of such harin. I live according to that mode,OJajali. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-007 परिच्छिन्नैः काष्ठतृणैर्मयेदं शरणं कृतम् BORI CE: 12-254-008 रसांश्च तांस्तान्विप्रर्षे मद्यवर्जानहं बहून् |
MN DUTT: 08-089-007 परच्छिन्नैः काष्ठतृणैर्मयेदं शरणं कृतम् |
M. N. Dutt: This my house hath been made with wood and grass cut by other people's hands, Lacdye, the roots of Nymphoea lotus, filaments of the lotus, various sorts of good scents, and many kinds of liquids, O twice-born Rishi, with the exception of wines, I purchase from other people and sell without cheating. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-009 सर्वेषां यः सुहृन्नित्यं सर्वेषां च हिते रतः |
MN DUTT: 08-089-008 सर्वेषां यः सुहृन्नित्यं सर्वेषां च हिते रतः |
M. N. Dutt: He, O Jajali, only knows morality or righteousness is, who is always the friend of all creatures and who is always engaged in the behoof of all creatures, in thought, word, and deed. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-010 नाहं परेषां कर्माणि प्रशंसामि शपामि वा |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-011 नानुरुध्ये विरुध्ये वा न द्वेष्मि न च कामये |
MN DUTT: 08-089-009 नानुरुद्ध्ये निरुध्ये वा न द्वेष्मि न च कामये |
M. N. Dutt: I never beg of any one, I never fall out with any one; I never hate any one. I never desire for anything. I regard equally all things and all creatures. See, O Jajali, this is my vow. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-012 इष्टानिष्टविमुक्तस्य प्रीतिरागबहिष्कृतः |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 08-089-010 तुला मे सर्वभूतेषु समा तिष्ठति जाजले |
M. N. Dutt: My scales are perfectly even, O Jajali, as regards all creatures. I neither praise nor blame the deeds of others, considering this variety in the world. O foremost of Brahmanas, as the variety seen in the sky. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-013 इति मां त्वं विजानीहि सर्वलोकस्य जाजले |
MN DUTT: 08-089-011 इति मां त्वं विजानीहि सर्वलोकस्य जाजले |
M. N. Dutt: Know, O Jajali, that I regard equally all creatures. O highest of intelligent men, I perceive no difference between a clod of earth, a piece of stone, and a lump of gold. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-014 यथान्धबधिरोन्मत्ता उच्छ्वासपरमाः सदा |
MN DUTT: 08-089-012 यथान्धबधिरोन्मत्ता उच्छ्वासपरमाः सदा |
M. N. Dutt: As the blind, the deaf, and they who are bereft of reason, find consolation for the loss of their senses, likewise, I find consolation by their example. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-015 यथा वृद्धातुरकृशा निःस्पृहा विषयान्प्रति |
MN DUTT: 08-089-013 यथा वृद्धातुरकृशा निःस्पृहा विषयान् प्रति |
M. N. Dutt: As they who are possessed by decrepitude, they who are afflicted by disease, and they who are weakened and emaciated, do not like any sort of enjoyments, similarly, I feel no inclination for wealth pleasure enjoyments. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-016 यदा चायं न बिभेति यदा चास्मान्न बिभ्यति |
MN DUTT: 08-089-014 यदा चायं न विभेति यदा चास्मान्न बिभ्यति |
M. N. Dutt: Then only a person attains to Brahma when he fears nothing and is not feared himself, when he cherishes no desire and does not hate anything. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-017 यदा न कुरुते भावं सर्वभूतेषु पापकम् |
MN DUTT: 08-089-015 यदा न कुरुते भावं सर्वभूतेषु पापकम् |
M. N. Dutt: Then only a person attains to Brahma when he does not behave sinfully towards any creature in thought, word, or deed. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-018 न भूतो न भविष्यश्च न च धर्मोऽस्ति कश्चन |
MN DUTT: 08-089-016 न भूतो न भविष्योऽस्ति न च धर्मोऽस्ति कश्चन |
M. N. Dutt: There is no past, no future, There is no morality or virtue. He who is not an object of fear with any creature acquires a state in which there is no fear. or or |
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BORI CE: 12-254-019 यस्मादुद्विजते लोकः सर्वो मृत्युमुखादिव |
MN DUTT: 08-089-017 यस्मादुद्विजते लोकः सर्वो मृत्युमुखादिव |
M. N. Dutt: On the other hand, that person who for his harsh words and bad temper, is troublesome to all creatures like death itself, certainly attains to a state full of fear. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-020 यथावद्वर्तमानानां वृद्धानां पुत्रपौत्रिणाम् |
MN DUTT: 08-089-018 यथावद् वर्तमानानां वृद्धानां पुत्रपौत्रिणाम् |
M. N. Dutt: I follow the practices of great and benevolent men of advanced years who with their children and grand children live observing duly the ordinance laid down in the scritptures. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-021 प्रनष्टः शाश्वतो धर्मः सदाचारेण मोहितः |
MN DUTT: 08-089-019 प्रणष्टः शाश्वतो धर्मस्त्वनाचारेण मोहितः |
M. N. Dutt: The eternal Vedic practices are entirely abandoned by one who allows himself to be stupefied by some mistakes that he may have marked in the conduct of those who are admittedly good and wise. One, however, who is gifted with learning, or one who has controlled his senses, or one who has strength of mind, acquires liberations by virtue of that very conduct. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-022 आचाराज्जाजले प्राज्ञः क्षिप्रं धर्ममवाप्नुयात् |
MN DUTT: 08-089-020 आचाराज्जाजले प्राज्ञः क्षिप्रं धर्मवाप्नुयात् |
M. N. Dutt: That wise man who, having controlled his senses, follows with a heart purged off all desire of injuring others, the conduct of the good, is, sure, O Jajali, to acquire the merit of righteousness. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-023 नद्यां यथा चेह काष्ठमुह्यमानं यदृच्छया |
MN DUTT: 08-089-021 नद्यां चेह यथा काष्ठमुह्यसानं यदृच्छया |
M. N. Dutt: In this world, as in a river, a piece of wood that is being carried away by the current, is seen to come into contact (for some time) with another piece which is being likewise carried away. There on the current, other pieces of wood that had been collected together, are scen to again separate from one another. Grass, sticks, and cow dung cakes are seen to be joined together. This union is merely accidental and not brought about by any set design. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-024 तत्रापराणि दारूणि संसृज्यन्ते ततस्ततः |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-025 यस्मान्नोद्विजते भूतं जातु किंचित्कथंचन |
MN DUTT: 08-089-022 यस्मान्नोद्विजते भूतं जातु किंचित् कथंचन |
M. N. Dutt: He, whom no creature fears, is himself, O ascetic, never frightened by any creature. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-026 यस्मादुद्विजते विद्वन्सर्वलोको वृकादिव |
MN DUTT: 08-089-023 यस्मादुद्विजते विद्वन् सर्वलोको वृकादिव |
M. N. Dutt: He, on the other hand, O learmed man, whom every creature fears like a wolf, becomes himself filled with fear as aquatic animals when compelled to leap on the shore from fear of the roaring Vadava fire. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 08-089-024 स भयं सर्वभूतेभ्यः सम्प्राप्नोति महामते |
M. N. Dutt: This practice of universal harmlessness has thus originated. One may follow it by every means in his power. He who has a following and he who has riches, may seek to adopt it. It is sure to bring on prosperity and heaven. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-027 सहायवान्द्रव्यवान्यः सुभगोऽन्योऽपरस्तथा |
MN DUTT: 08-089-025 ततस्तानेव कवयः शास्त्रेषु प्रवदन्त्युत |
M. N. Dutt: On account of their power to remove the fears of others, men having riches and followers are considered as foremost by the learned. Those, who seek common-place happiness, practise this duty of universal harmlessness for the sake of fame; while they, who are truly skilled, practise the same for attaining to Brahma. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-028 तपोभिर्यज्ञदानैश्च वाक्यैः प्रज्ञाश्रितैस्तथा |
MN DUTT: 08-089-026 तपोभिर्यज्ञदानैश्च वाक्यैः प्रज्ञाश्रितैस्तथा |
M. N. Dutt: Whatever fruits one enjoys by penances, by sacrifices, by making charities, by speaking the truth, and by seeking wisdom, may all be acquired by practising the duty of harmlessness. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-029 लोके यः सर्वभूतेभ्यो ददात्यभयदक्षिणाम् |
MN DUTT: 08-089-027 लोके यः सर्वभूतेभ्यो ददात्यभयदक्षिणाम् |
M. N. Dutt: That person who declares to all creatures the assurance of harmlessness acquires the merit of all the sacrifices and at last acquires fearlessness for himself as his meed. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-030 यस्मान्नोद्विजते भूतं जातु किंचित्कथंचन |
MN DUTT: 08-089-028 न भूतानामहिंसाया ज्यायान् धर्मोऽस्ति कश्चन |
M. N. Dutt: There is no duty superior to the duty of not injuring other creatures. He whom, 0 great ascetic, no creature fears in the least, does not himself fear any creatures. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-031 यस्मादुद्विजते लोकः सर्पाद्वेश्मगतादिव |
MN DUTT: 08-089-029 यस्मादुद्विजते लोकः सर्पाद् वेश्मगतादिव |
M. N. Dutt: He whom every body fears like a snake lying in ones bed-room, never acquires any merit in this world or in the next. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-032 सर्वभूतात्मभूतस्य सम्यग्भूतानि पश्यतः |
MN DUTT: 08-089-030 सर्वभूतात्मभूतस्य सर्वभूतानि पश्यतः |
M. N. Dutt: The very celestials, in their search after it, become bewildered in the track of that person who rises above all states, the person, viz., who himself is the soul of all creatures and who considers all creatures as identical with his own self. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-033 दानं भूताभयस्याहुः सर्वदानेभ्य उत्तमम् |
MN DUTT: 08-089-031 दानं भूताभयस्याहुः सर्वदानेभ्य उत्तमम् |
M. N. Dutt: Of all gifts, the promise of harmlessness to all creatures in the greatest. I tell you truly, believe me, O Jajali. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-034 स एव सुभगो भूत्वा पुनर्भवति दुर्भगः |
MN DUTT: 08-089-032 स एव सुभगो भूत्वा पुनर्भवति दुर्भगः |
M. N. Dutt: One who performs acts at first acquires prosperity, but then he once more meets with adversity. Seeing the destruction of the merits of) acts, the wise do not speak highly of them. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-035 अकारणो हि नेहास्ति धर्मः सूक्ष्मोऽपि जाजले |
MN DUTT: 08-089-033 अकारणो हि नैवास्ति धर्मः सूक्ष्मो हि जाजले |
M. N. Dutt: There is no duty, O Jajali, that is not done by some motive (of happiness). Duty, however, is very subtile. Duties have been ordained in the Vedas for both Brahma and heaven. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-036 सूक्ष्मत्वान्न स विज्ञातुं शक्यते बहुनिह्नवः |
MN DUTT: 08-089-034 सूक्ष्मत्वान्न स विज्ञातुं शक्यते बहुनिह्नवः |
M. N. Dutt: The subject of duties is full of secrets and mysteries. It is so subtile that one cannot understand it fully. Amongst various conflicting ordinances, some succeed in understanding duty by observing the acts of the good. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-037 ये च छिन्दन्ति वृषणान्ये च भिन्दन्ति नस्तकान् BORI CE: 12-254-038 हत्वा सत्त्वानि खादन्ति तान्कथं न विगर्हसे BORI CE: 12-254-039 वधबन्धविरोधेन कारयन्ति दिवानिशम् |
MN DUTT: 08-089-035 ये च च्छिन्दन्ति वृषणान् ये च भिन्दन्ति नस्तकान् |
M. N. Dutt: Why do you not destroy them who emasculate bulls and bore their noses and make them bear heavy loads and bind them and put them under various sorts of restraint, and who eat the flesh of living creatures after killing them. Men are seen to acquire men as slaves, and by beating, by binding, and by otherwise subjugating them, make them work day and night. These people are not ignorant of the pain that is caused by beating and chains. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-040 पञ्चेन्द्रियेषु भूतेषु सर्वं वसति दैवतम् |
MN DUTT: 08-089-036 पञ्चेन्द्रियेषु भूतेषु सर्वं वसति दैवतम् |
M. N. Dutt: All the gods live in every creature who have the five senses. The Sun, the Moon, the God of Wind, Brahman, Vital Airs, Kratu and Yama, (these live in living creatures). |
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BORI CE: 12-254-041 तानि जीवानि विक्रीय का मृतेषु विचारणा |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 08-089-037 तानि जीवानि विक्रय का मृतेषु विचारणा |
M. N. Dutt: There are men who maintain themselves by trading in living creatures. When they acquire a living by such a sinful trade, what scruples have they in selling dead carcasses? The goat is Agni. The sheep is Varuna. The horse is the Sun. Earth is the god Virat. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 08-089-038 धेनुर्वत्सश्च सोमो वै विक्रीचैतन्त्र सिध्यति |
M. N. Dutt: The cow and the calf are Soma. The man who sells these can never acquire success. But what fault is there in selling oil, clarified butter, honey, or drugs, Otwice-born one? |
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BORI CE: 12-254-042 अदंशमशके देशे सुखं संवर्धितान्पशून् |
MN DUTT: 08-089-039 अदंशमशके देशे सुखसंवर्धितान् यशून् |
M. N. Dutt: There are many animals which grow up in ease and comfort in places free from gnats and biting insects. Knowing that their mothers love them dearly, men, persecute them in various ways, and lead them into mire full of biting insects. Many beasts of burden are oppressed with heavy loads. Others, again, are made to languish for the treatment not sanctioned by the scriptures. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-043 वाहसंपीडिता धुर्याः सीदन्त्यविधिनापरे |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 08-089-040 न मन्ये भ्रूणहत्यापि विशिष्टा तेन कर्मणा |
M. N. Dutt: I think that such acts of injury done to animals are the same as foeticide. People consider the calling of agriculture as sinless. That profession, however, is again fraught with cruelty. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-044 कृषिं साध्विति मन्यन्ते सा च वृत्तिः सुदारुणा |
MN DUTT: 08-089-041 भूमिं भूमिशयांश्चैव हन्ति काष्ठमयोमुखम् |
M. N. Dutt: The iron plough wounds the soil and many creatures which live there. Look, O Jajali, at those bullocks yoked to the plough. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-045 अघ्न्या इति गवां नाम क एनान्हन्तुमर्हति |
MN DUTT: 08-089-042 अघ्या इति गवां नाम क एता हन्तुमर्हति |
M. N. Dutt: Kine called in the Shrutis the Undestructible. That man commits a great iniquity who kills a bull or a cow. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-046 ऋषयो यतयो ह्येतन्नहुषे प्रत्यवेदयन् |
MN DUTT: 08-089-043 ऋषयो यतयो ह्येतन्नहुषे प्रत्यवेदयन् |
M. N. Dutt: In ancient times, many Rishis with controlled addressed Nahusha, saying,-You have, O king, killed a cow which is regarded in the scriptures like one's mother! You have also killed a bull, which is declared to be like the Creator himself. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 08-089-044 अकार्यं नहुषाकार्षीर्लप्स्यामस्त्वत्कृते व्यथाम् |
M. N. Dutt: are senses You have committed a sin, O Nahusha, and we have been greatly pained at it!-For purifying Nahusha, however, they divided that sin, into a hundred and one parts and metamorphosing the pieces into diseases cast them among all creatures. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-047 शतं चैकं च रोगाणां सर्वभूतेष्वपातयन् BORI CE: 12-254-048 इत्युक्त्वा ते महात्मानः सर्वे तत्त्वार्थदर्शिनः |
MN DUTT: 08-089-044 अकार्यं नहुषाकार्षीर्लप्स्यामस्त्वत्कृते व्यथाम् MN DUTT: 08-089-045 ऋषयस्ते महाभागाः प्रजास्वेव हि जाजले |
M. N. Dutt: are senses You have committed a sin, O Nahusha, and we have been greatly pained at it!-For purifying Nahusha, however, they divided that sin, into a hundred and one parts and metamorphosing the pieces into diseases cast them among all creatures. Thus, O Jajali, did those highly blessed Rishis cast that sin of all living creatures and addressing Nuhusha who had committed foeticide, said,-We shall not be able to pour libations in your sacrifice! Thus said those great Rishis and Yatis conversant with truth, having learnt by their ascetic power that king Nahusha had not committed the sin intentionally. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-049 ईदृशानशिवान्घोरानाचारानिह जाजले |
MN DUTT: 08-089-046 ईदृशानशिवान् घोरानाचारानिह जाजले |
M. N. Dutt: These, O Jajali, are some of the wicked and dreadful practices of this world. You do them because they are practised by all men from days of your, and not because they are approved of your purified understanding. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-050 कारणाद्धर्ममन्विच्छेन्न लोकचरितं चरेत् |
MN DUTT: 08-089-047 कारणाद् धर्ममन्विच्छन्न लोकचरितं चरेत् |
M. N. Dutt: One should perform his duty guided by reasons, instead of blindly following the conduct of the world. Listen now, O Jajali, how I treat him who injures and him who praises me. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-051 समौ तावपि मे स्यातां न हि मे स्तः प्रियाप्रिये |
MN DUTT: 08-089-048 समौ तावपि मे स्यातां न हि मेऽस्ति प्रियाप्रियम् |
M. N. Dutt: I regard both of them equally. I have none whom I like and none whom I dislike. The wise speak highly of such a course of conduct as consistent with duty or religion. |
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BORI CE: 12-254-052 उपपत्त्या हि संपन्नो यतिभिश्चैव सेव्यते |
MN DUTT: 08-089-049 उपपत्त्या हि सम्पन्नो यतिभिश्चैव सेव्यते |
M. N. Dutt: The Yatis also follow this course of conduct, which is consistent with reasons. The righteous always observe it with eyes having purified vision. |
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