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Book 12 – Chapter 073
BORI CE: 12-073-001 भीष्म उवाच |
MN DUTT: 07-072-001 भीष्म उवाच य एव तु सतो रक्षेदसतश्च निवर्तयेत् |
M. N. Dutt: Bhishma said A king should appoint that person as his priest who would protect the good and punish the wicked. |
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BORI CE: 12-073-002 अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् |
MN DUTT: 07-072-002 अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् |
M. N. Dutt: Regarding it is cited the old story about the discourse between Pururavas the son of Aila and Matarishvan. |
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BORI CE: 12-073-003 ऐल उवाच |
MN DUTT: 07-072-003 पुरूरवा उवाच कुत:स्विद् ब्राह्मणो जातो वर्णाश्चापि कुतस्त्रयः |
M. N. Dutt: Pururavas said Whence has the Brahmana originated and whence the three other orders? Why also has the Brahmana become the foremost? You should tell me all this. |
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BORI CE: 12-073-004 वायुरुवाच |
MN DUTT: 07-072-004 मातरिश्वोवाच ब्राह्मणो मुखतः सृष्टो ब्रह्मणो राजसत्तम |
M. N. Dutt: Matarishvan answered The Brahmana. O best of kings, has originated from the mouth of Brahman. The Kshatriya has originated from his two arms, and the Vaishya from his two thighs. |
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BORI CE: 12-073-005 वर्णानां परिचर्यार्थं त्रयाणां पुरुषर्षभ |
MN DUTT: 07-072-005 वर्णानां परिचर्यार्थं त्रयाणां भरतर्षभ |
M. N. Dutt: For serving these three orders, O king, a fourth order, viz., the Shudra, came into being created from the feet (of Brahman). |
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BORI CE: 12-073-006 ब्राह्मणो जातमात्रस्तु पृथिवीमन्वजायत |
MN DUTT: 07-072-006 ब्राह्मणो जायमानो हि पृथिव्यामनुजायते |
M. N. Dutt: Thus created the Brahmana is born on Earth as the lord of all creatures, his duty being to preserve the Vedas and the other scriptures. |
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BORI CE: 12-073-007 ततः पृथिव्या गोप्तारं क्षत्रियं दण्डधारिणम् |
MN DUTT: 07-072-007 अतः पृथिव्या यन्तारं क्षत्रियं दण्डधारिणम् |
M. N. Dutt: Then, for ruling the Earth and holding the rod of punishment and protecting all creatures, the second order, viz., the Kshatriya was created. |
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BORI CE: 12-073-008 वैश्यस्तु धनधान्येन त्रीन्वर्णान्बिभृयादिमान् |
MN DUTT: 07-072-008 वैश्यस्तु धनधान्येन त्रीन् वर्णान् विध्यादिमान् |
M. N. Dutt: The Vaishya was created for supporting the two other orders and himself by cultivation and trade, and finally it was ordained by Brahman that the Shudra should serve the three orders as a servant. |
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BORI CE: 12-073-009 ऐल उवाच |
MN DUTT: 07-072-009 द्विजस्य क्षत्रबन्धोर्वा कस्येयं पृथिवी भवेत् |
M. N. Dutt: Pururavas said Tell me, truly, O god of Wind, to whom does this Earth fairly belong, Does it belong to the Brahmana or to the Kshatriya. |
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BORI CE: 12-073-010 वायुरुवाच |
MN DUTT: 07-072-010 वायुरुवाच विप्रस्य सर्वमेवैतद् यत् किञ्चिज्जगतीगतम् |
M. N. Dutt: The god of Wind said Everything that exists in the universe belongs to the Brahmana on account of his birth and precedence. Persons, conversant with morality, declare it. |
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BORI CE: 12-073-011 स्वमेव ब्राह्मणो भुङ्क्ते स्वं वस्ते स्वं ददाति च |
MN DUTT: 07-072-011 धर्मतः सह स्वमेव ब्राह्मणो भुक्ते स्वं वस्ते स्वं ददाति च |
M. N. Dutt: What the Brahmana eats is his own. The place he dwells is his own. What he gives away is his own. He deserves the respect of all the (other) orders. He is the first-born and the foremost. |
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BORI CE: 12-073-012 पत्यभावे यथा स्त्री हि देवरं कुरुते पतिम् |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 07-072-012 पत्यभावे यथैव स्त्री देवरं कुरुते पतिम् |
M. N. Dutt: As a woman, in the absence of her husband, marries his younger brother, even so the Earth, for the refusal of the Brahmana, has accepted his next-born, viz., the Kshatriya, for her master. This is the first rule. In times, however, of distress, there is exception of this. |
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BORI CE: 12-073-013 एष ते प्रथमः कल्प आपद्यन्यो भवेदतः BORI CE: 12-073-014 यः कश्चिद्विजयेद्भूमिं ब्राह्मणाय निवेदयेत् BORI CE: 12-073-015 स्वधर्मपरितृप्ताय यो न वित्तपरो भवेत् BORI CE: 12-073-016 ब्राह्मणो हि कुले जातः कृतप्रज्ञो विनीतवाक् |
MN DUTT: 07-072-012 पत्यभावे यथैव स्त्री देवरं कुरुते पतिम् MN DUTT: 07-072-013 यदि स्वर्ग परं स्थानं स्वधर्मं परिमार्गसि MN DUTT: 07-072-014 यो राजानं नयेद् बुद्ध्या सर्वतः परिपूर्णया MN DUTT: 07-072-015 श्रेयो नयति राजानं ब्रुवंश्चित्रां सरस्वतीम् |
M. N. Dutt: As a woman, in the absence of her husband, marries his younger brother, even so the Earth, for the refusal of the Brahmana, has accepted his next-born, viz., the Kshatriya, for her master. This is the first rule. In times, however, of distress, there is exception of this. If you try to satisfy the duties of your order and wish to acquire the highest place in heaven, then give to the Brahmana all the land you may conquer, to him who is learned and of virtuous conduct, who is conversant with duties and observant of penances, who is contented with the duties of his order and not covetous of wealth. The well-born Brahmana, wise and humble, guides the king in every matter by his own great intelligence. By sound advice he makes the king acquire prosperity. The Brahmana points out to the king his duties. |
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BORI CE: 12-073-017 राजा चरति यं धर्मं ब्राह्मणेन निदर्शितम् |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
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BORI CE: 12-073-018 तावता स कृतप्रज्ञश्चिरं यशसि तिष्ठति |
MN DUTT: 07-072-016 शुश्रूषुरनहंवादी क्षत्रधर्मव्रते स्थितः |
M. N. Dutt: As long as a wish king, observant of the duties of his order, and shorn of pride, is desirous of listening to the advice of the Brahmana, so long is he respected and so long does he enjoy fame. The priest of the king, therefore, partakes, of the merit that the king acquires. |
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BORI CE: 12-073-019 एवमेव प्रजाः सर्वा राजानमभिसंश्रिताः |
MN DUTT: 07-072-017 एवमेव प्रजाः सर्वा राजानमभिसंश्रिताः |
M. N. Dutt: When the king behaves himself thus, all his subjects, depending upon him, become virtuous in their behaviour, follow their duties, and are freed from every fear. |
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BORI CE: 12-073-020 राष्ट्रे चरन्ति यं धर्मं राज्ञा साध्वभिरक्षिताः |
MN DUTT: 07-072-018 राष्ट्रे चरन्ति यं धर्म राज्ञा साध्वभिरक्षिताः |
M. N. Dutt: The king shares a fourth part of those righteous acts which his subjects, wellprotected by him, perform in his kingdom. |
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BORI CE: 12-073-021 देवा मनुष्याः पितरो गन्धर्वोरगराक्षसाः |
MN DUTT: 07-072-019 देवा मनुष्याः पितरो गन्धर्वोरगराक्षसाः |
M. N. Dutt: The gods, men, Pitris, Gandharvas, Uragas, and Rakshasas, all derive their support from sacrifices. In a country having no king, their can be no sacrifice. |
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BORI CE: 12-073-022 इतो दत्तेन जीवन्ति देवताः पितरस्तथा |
MN DUTT: 07-072-020 इतो दत्तेन जीवन्ति देवताः पितरस्तथा |
M. N. Dutt: The gods and the Pitris live upon the offerings made in sacrifices. Sacrifice, however, dependants upon the king. |
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BORI CE: 12-073-023 छायायामप्सु वायौ च सुखमुष्णेऽधिगच्छति |
MN DUTT: 07-072-021 छायायामप्सु वायौ च सुखमुष्णेऽधिगच्छति |
M. N. Dutt: In summer, men seek comfort from the shade of trees, cool water, and cool breezes. In winter, they derive comfort from fire, warm clothing and the sun. |
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BORI CE: 12-073-024 शब्दे स्पर्शे रसे रूपे गन्धे च रमते मनः |
MN DUTT: 07-072-022 शब्दे स्पर्शे रसे रूपे गन्धे च रमते मनः |
M. N. Dutt: The heart of man finds pleasure in sound, touch, taste, vision, and smell. The man, however, who is filled with fear, finds no pleasure in all these things. |
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BORI CE: 12-073-025 अभयस्यैव यो दाता तस्यैव सुमहत्फलम् |
MN DUTT: 07-072-023 अभयस्य हि यो दाता तस्यैव सुमहत् फलम् |
M. N. Dutt: That person, who removes the fears of men, acquires great merit. There is no present so valuable in three worlds as that of life. |
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BORI CE: 12-073-026 इन्द्रो राजा यमो राजा धर्मो राजा तथैव च |
MN DUTT: 07-072-024 इन्द्रो राजा यमो राजा धर्मो राजा तथैव च |
M. N. Dutt: The king is Indra. The king is Yama. The king is Dharma. The king puts on different forms. The king preserves and supports every things. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 07-072-025 अभयस्य हि यो दाता तस्यैव सुमहत् फलम् |
M. N. Dutt: That person, who removes the fears of men, acquires great merit. There is no present so valuable in three worlds as that of life. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 07-072-026 इन्द्रो राजा यमो राजा धर्मो राजा तथैव च |
M. N. Dutt: The king is Indra. The king is Yama. The king is Dharma. The king puts on different forms. The king preserves and supports every things. |
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