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Book 12 – Chapter 084
BORI CE: 12-084-001 भीष्म उवाच |
MN DUTT: 07-083-002 भीष्म उवाच ह्रीनिषेवास्तथा दान्ताः सत्यार्जवसमन्विताः |
M. N. Dutt: Bhishma said Such persons as are endued with modesty, self-control, truth, sincerity, and courage to say the proper thing, should be your law-makers. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-002 अत्याढ्यांश्चातिशूरांश्च ब्राह्मणांश्च बहुश्रुतान् |
MN DUTT: 07-083-003 अमात्यांश्चातिशूरांश्च ब्राह्मणांश्च परिश्रुतान् |
M. N. Dutt: They who are always devoted to you who are gifted with great courage, who are of the twice-bom caste, highly learned, well pleased with you, and persevering in acts, should, O son of Kunti, be sought by you for becoming your ministers of war at all seasons of distress, O Bharata! |
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BORI CE: 12-084-003 एतान्सहायाँल्लिप्सेथाः सर्वास्वापत्सु भारत |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 07-083-004 कुलीनः पूजितो नित्यं न हि शक्तिं निगृहति |
M. N. Dutt: One who is born in a high family, who treated honourably by you, always tries his best of your behalf, and who will never forsake you in happiness or misery, illness or death, should be kept by you as a courtier. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-004 प्रसन्नं ह्यप्रसन्नं वा पीडितं हृतमेव वा BORI CE: 12-084-005 कुलीना देशजाः प्राज्ञा रूपवन्तो बहुश्रुताः BORI CE: 12-084-006 दौष्कुलेयाश्च लुब्धाश्च नृशंसा निरपत्रपाः |
MN DUTT: 07-083-004 कुलीनः पूजितो नित्यं न हि शक्तिं निगृहति MN DUTT: 07-083-005 आवर्तयति भूयिष्ठं तदेव ह्यनुपालितम् MN DUTT: 07-083-006 प्रगल्भाश्चानुरक्ताश्च ते तव स्युः परिच्छदाः MN DUTT: 07-083-007 ते त्वां तात निषेवेयुर्याबदाईकपाणयः |
M. N. Dutt: One who is born in a high family, who treated honourably by you, always tries his best of your behalf, and who will never forsake you in happiness or misery, illness or death, should be kept by you as a courtier. Those who are of high descent, who. are born in your kingdom, who have wisdom, beauty, great learning, and dignity of conduct, and who are, besides, devoted to you, should be employed as officers of your army. Persons of low birth, who are covetous, cruel and shameless, would seek you, O sire, as long as they are paid. Those who are of good-birth and good behaviour, who can interpret all sings and gestures, who are shorn of cruelty, who know the requirements of place and time, who always seek the well-being of their master in all works, should be appointed as ministers by the king in all his affairs. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-007 अर्थमानार्घ्यसत्कारैर्भोगैरुच्चावचैः प्रियान् |
MN DUTT: 07-083-008 अर्थमानार्घ्यसत्कारैर्भोगैरुच्चावचैः प्रियान् |
M. N. Dutt: Those who have been swon over with gifts of wealth, honour, respectful receptions, and means of giving happiness, and who on that account may be known by you as persons inclined to do you good in all your affairs, should always be made sharers of your happiness. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-008 अभिन्नवृत्ता विद्वांसः सद्वृत्ताश्चरितव्रताः |
MN DUTT: 07-083-009 अभिन्नवृत्ता विद्वांसः सद्वृत्ताश्चरितव्रताः |
M. N. Dutt: They who are unchangeable in conduct, endued with learning and good behaviour, observant of excellent vows, large-hearted, and truthful in speech, will always attend to your affairs and will never forsake you. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-009 अनार्या ये न जानन्ति समयं मन्दचेतसः |
MN DUTT: 07-083-010 अनार्या ये न जानन्ति समयं मन्दचेतसः |
M. N. Dutt: They, on the other hand, who disrespectable, who do not follow healthy control, who are wicked, and who have fallen away from good practices, should always be compelled by you to observe all healthy restraints. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-010 नैकमिच्छेद्गणं हित्वा स्याच्चेदन्यतरग्रहः |
MN DUTT: 07-083-011 नैकमिच्छेद् गणं हित्वा स्याच्चेदन्यतरग्रहः |
M. N. Dutt: When the question arises as to which of two sides should be adopted, you should not abandon the many for adopting the side of one. When, however, that one person excels the many by virtue of his possessing many accomplishments, then you should for that one, forsake the many. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-011 श्रेयसो लक्षणं ह्येतद्विक्रमो यस्य दृश्यते |
MN DUTT: 07-083-012 श्रेयसो लक्षणं चैतद् विक्रमो यस्य दृश्यते |
M. N. Dutt: The marks of superiority, are prowess, devotion to works that bring fame, and observance of healthy restraints. are |
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BORI CE: 12-084-012 समर्थान्पूजयेद्यश्च नास्पर्ध्यैः स्पर्धते च यः BORI CE: 12-084-013 अमानी सत्यवाक्शक्तो जितात्मा मान्यमानिता |
MN DUTT: 07-083-013 ते समर्थान् पूजयेद् यश्च नास्पर्धेः स्पर्धते च यः |
M. N. Dutt: He, again, who honours all able persons that never cherishes feelings of rivalry with meritorious persons, who never forsakes righteousness from lust or fear or anger or covetousness, who is humble, who is truthful and forgiving, who has his mind under control, who has a sense of dignity, and who has been tried in every situation, should be appointed by you as your counsellor. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-014 कुलीनः सत्यसंपन्नस्तितिक्षुर्दक्ष आत्मवान् |
MN DUTT: 07-083-014 कुलीनः कुलसम्पन्नस्तितिक्षुर्दक्ष आत्मवान् |
M. N. Dutt: High birth, purity of blood, forgiveness, cleverness, and purify of mind, bravery gratefulness, and truthfulness are, O son of Pritha, characteristic of superiority and goodness. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-015 तस्यैवं वर्तमानस्य पुरुषस्य विजानतः |
MN DUTT: 07-083-015 तस्यैवं वर्तमानस्य पुरुषस्य विजानतः |
M. N. Dutt: A wiseman who conduct himself thus, succeeds in freeing his very enemies of their hostility and converting them into friends. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-016 अत ऊर्ध्वममात्यानां परीक्षेत गुणागुणान् |
MN DUTT: 07-083-016 अत ऊर्ध्वममात्यानां परीक्षेत गुणागुणम् |
M. N. Dutt: A king who has his mind under control, who is endued with wisdom, and who seeks prosperity, should carefully examine the merits and demerits of his ministers. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-017 संबद्धाः पुरुषैराप्तैरभिजातैः स्वदेशजैः BORI CE: 12-084-018 योधाः स्रौवास्तथा मौलास्तथैवान्येऽप्यवस्कृताः |
MN DUTT: 07-083-017 सम्बन्धिपुरुषैराप्तैरभिजातैः स्वदेशजैः |
M. N. Dutt: A king who seeks prosperity and wishes to outdo his contemporaries, should have for ministers trustworthy persons, of high descent, born in his own kingdom, incapable of being corrupted, unstained by adultery and similar vices, well proved, belonging to good families, possessed of learning, sprung from ancestors who held similar offices, and adorned with humility. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-019 येषां वैनयिकी बुद्धिः प्रकृता चैव शोभना BORI CE: 12-084-020 परीक्षितगुणान्नित्यं प्रौढभावान्धुरंधरान् |
MN DUTT: 07-083-018 येषां वैनयिकी बुद्धिः प्रकृतिश्चैव शोभना |
M. N. Dutt: The king should appoint five such persons to superintend his affairs, who are intelligent, shorn of pride, possessed of a good disposition, energy, patience, forgiveness, purity, loyalty, firmness, and courage, whose merits and faults have been well proved, who are aged, who are capable of bearing burden and who are free from deceit. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-021 पर्याप्तवचनान्वीरान्प्रतिपत्तिविशारदान् BORI CE: 12-084-022 देशकालविधानज्ञान्भर्तृकार्यहितैषिणः |
MN DUTT: 07-083-019 पर्याप्तवचनान् वीरान् प्रतिपत्तिविशारदान् |
M. N. Dutt: Men who are wise in speech, who are endued which heroism, who are full of resources under difficulties, who are of high descent, who are truthful, who can read signs, who are shorn of cruelty, who know the requirements of place and time, and who seek the well-being of their masters, should be appointed by the king as his ministers in all affairs of the kingdom. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-023 हीनतेजा ह्यसंहृष्टो नैव जातु व्यवस्यति |
MN DUTT: 07-083-020 हीनतेजोऽभिसंसृष्टो नैव जातु व्यवस्यति |
M. N. Dutt: One who is shorn of energy and who has been forsaken by friends can never work with perseverance. Such a man if, appointed, fails in almost every work. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-024 एवमल्पश्रुतो मन्त्री कल्याणाभिजनोऽप्युत |
MN DUTT: 07-083-021 एवमल्पश्रुतो मन्त्री कल्याणाभिजनोऽप्युत |
M. N. Dutt: A minister possessing little learning, even if he be highly born and attentive to virtue, profit, and pleasure, cannot choose proper courses of action. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-025 तथैवानभिजातोऽपि काममस्तु बहुश्रुतः |
MN DUTT: 07-083-022 तथैवानभिजातोऽपि काममस्तु बहुश्रुतः |
M. N. Dutt: Likewise, a person of low birth, even if endued with great learning, always makes mistakes, like a blind man without a guide, in all acts requiring cleverness and foresight. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-026 यो वा ह्यस्थिरसंकल्पो बुद्धिमानागतागमः |
MN DUTT: 07-083-023 यो वाप्यस्थिरसंकल्पो बुद्धिमानागतागमः |
M. N. Dutt: A person, again, who is of unsettled purposes, even if endued with intelligence and learning, and even if conversant with means, cannot long act with success. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-027 केवलात्पुनराचारात्कर्मणो नोपपद्यते |
MN DUTT: 07-083-024 केवलात् पुनरादानात् कर्मणो नोपपद्यते |
M. N. Dutt: A wicked man possessed of no learning may begin a work but he fails to determine what the results will be of his work. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-028 मन्त्रिण्यननुरक्ते तु विश्वासो न हि विद्यते |
MN DUTT: 07-083-025 मन्त्रिण्यननुरक्ते तु विश्वासो नोपपद्यते |
M. N. Dutt: A king should never trust a minister who is not devoted to him. He should, therefore, never give out his counsels to a minister who is not devoted to him. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-029 व्यथयेद्धि स राजानं मन्त्रिभिः सहितोऽनृजुः |
MN DUTT: 07-083-026 व्यथयेद्धि स राजानं मन्त्रिभिः सहितोऽनृजुः |
M. N. Dutt: Such a wicked minister, in conjunction with the other minister of the king, may ruin his lord, like fire consuming a tree by entering into it through the holes in its body with the help of the wind. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-030 संक्रुध्यत्येकदा स्वामी स्थानाच्चैवापकर्षति |
MN DUTT: 07-083-027 संक्रुद्धश्चैकदा स्वामी स्थानाच्चैवापकर्षति |
M. N. Dutt: Being angry, a master may, deprive a servant of his office or reprove him, from rage, in harsh words, and restore him to power again. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-031 तानि तान्यनुरक्तेन शक्यान्यनुतितिक्षितुम् |
MN DUTT: 07-083-028 तानि तान्यनुरक्तेन शक्यानि हि तितिक्षितुम् |
M. N. Dutt: None save a servant devoted to the master stand and overlook such treatment. Ministers also become sometimes highly offended with their masters. can |
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BORI CE: 12-084-032 यस्तु संहरते तानि भर्तुः प्रियचिकीर्षया |
MN DUTT: 07-083-029 यस्तु संसहते तानि भर्तुः प्रियचिकीर्षया |
M. N. Dutt: That one, amongst them, who subdues his anger from desire of doing good to his master,-that person who partakes in the king's happiness and misfortune, should be consulted by the king in all his affairs. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-033 अनृजुस्त्वनुरक्तोऽपि संपन्नश्चेतरैर्गुणैः |
MN DUTT: 07-083-030 अनृजुस्त्वनुरक्तोऽपि सम्पन्नश्चेतरैर्गुणैः |
M. N. Dutt: An wily person, even if he be devoted to his master and possessed of wisdom and adorned with numerous accomplishments, should never be consulted by the king. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-034 योऽमित्रैः सह संबद्धो न पौरान्बहु मन्यते |
MN DUTT: 07-083-031 योऽमित्रैः सह सम्बद्धो न पौरान् बहु मन्यते |
M. N. Dutt: One who is allied with enemies and who does not care for the interests of the king's subjects, should be regarded as an enemy. The king should never consult him. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-035 अविद्वानशुचिः स्तब्धः शत्रुसेवी विकत्थनः |
MN DUTT: 07-083-032 अविद्वानशुचिः स्तब्धः शत्रुसेवी विकत्थनः |
M. N. Dutt: One who is not learned, who is not pure, who is proud, who seeks the king's enemies, who is given to brag, who is unfriendly, wrathful, and covetous, should should not be consulted by the king. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-036 आगन्तुश्चानुरक्तोऽपि काममस्तु बहुश्रुतः |
MN DUTT: 07-083-033 आगन्तुश्चानुरक्तोऽपि काममस्तु बहुश्रुतः |
M. N. Dutt: One who is a stranger, even if he be devoted to the king and possessed of great learning, may be honoured by the king and pleased with maintenance, but the king should never consult him in his affairs. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 07-083-034 विधर्मतो विप्रकृतः पिता यस्याभवत् पुरा |
M. N. Dutt: A person whose father was unjustly exiled by royal order should not be consulted by the king, even if the king may have afterwards conferred honours upon him and given him the means of sustenance. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-037 यस्त्वल्पेनापि कार्येण सकृदाक्षारितो भवेत् |
MN DUTT: 07-083-035 यः स्वल्पेनापि कार्येण सुहृदाक्षारितो भवेत् |
M. N. Dutt: A well-wisher whose property was once confiscated for a slight offences, even if he be endued with all accomplishments, should not still be consulted by the king. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-038 कृतप्रज्ञश्च मेधावी बुधो जानपदः शुचिः |
MN DUTT: 07-083-036 कृतप्रज्ञश्च मेधावी बुधो जानपदः शुचिः |
M. N. Dutt: A person endued with wisdom, intelligence, and learning, who is born within the kingdom, who is pure and righteous in all his works, should be consulted by the king. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-039 ज्ञानविज्ञानसंपन्नः प्रकृतिज्ञः परात्मनोः |
MN DUTT: 07-083-037 ज्ञानविज्ञानसम्पन्नः प्रकृतिज्ञः परात्मनोः |
M. N. Dutt: One who is possessed of knowledge and wisdom, who knows the nature of friends and foes, who is a friend of the king like his second self, should be consulted. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-040 सत्यवाक्शीलसंपन्नो गम्भीरः सत्रपो मृदुः |
MN DUTT: 07-083-038 सत्यवाक् शीलसम्पन्नो गम्भीरः सत्रपो मृदुः |
M. N. Dutt: One who is truthful in speech and modest and mild, and who is a hereditary servant of the king, should be consulted. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-041 संतुष्टः संमतः सत्यः शौटीरो द्वेष्यपापकः |
MN DUTT: 07-083-039 संतुष्टः सम्मतः सत्यः शौटीरो द्वेष्यपापकः |
M. N. Dutt: One who is contented and honoured, who is truthful and dignified, who hates wickedness and wicked men, who is conversant with policy and the requirements of time, and who is courageous, should be consulted by the king. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-042 सर्वलोकं समं शक्तः सान्त्वेन कुरुते वशे |
MN DUTT: 07-083-040 सर्वलोकमिमं शक्तः सान्त्वेन कुरुते वशे |
M. N. Dutt: One who is capable to win over all men by conciliation should be consulted, O monarch, by the king, who wishes to rule according to the dictates of the science of punishment. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-043 पौरजानपदा यस्मिन्विश्वासं धर्मतो गताः |
MN DUTT: 07-083-041 पौरजानपदा यस्मिन् विश्वासं धर्मतो गताः |
M. N. Dutt: One whom the inhabitants of both the capital and the provinces truth for his righteous ! conduct, who is competent to right and conversant with the rules of policy, should be consulted by the king. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-044 तस्मात्सर्वैर्गुणैरेतैरुपपन्नाः सुपूजिताः |
MN DUTT: 07-083-042 तस्मात् सर्वैर्गुणैरेतैरुपपन्नाः सुपूजिताः |
M. N. Dutt: Therefore, men endued with such accomplishments, men conversant with the nature of all and desirous of achieving high acts, should be honoured by the king and made his ministers. Their number also should not be less than three. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-045 स्वासु प्रकृतिषु छिद्रं लक्षयेरन्परस्य च |
MN DUTT: 07-083-043 स्वासु प्रकृतिषुच्छिद्रं लक्षयेरन् परस्य च |
M. N. Dutt: Ministers should be employed in noticing the shortcomings of their masters, of themselves, of the subject, and of the foes of their masters. The kingdom depends upon the counsels of policy which the ministers give, and its growth originates from the same source. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-046 नास्य छिद्रं परः पश्येच्छिद्रेषु परमन्वियात् BORI CE: 12-084-047 मन्त्रग्राहा हि राज्यस्य मन्त्रिणो ये मनीषिणः |
MN DUTT: 07-083-044 नास्य च्छिद्रं परः पश्येच्छिद्रेषु परमन्वियात् |
M. N. Dutt: Ministers should act in such a way that the enemies of their master may not be able to detect his loopholes. On the other hand, when their shortcomings are seen, they should then be assailed. Like the tortoise protecting its limbs by withdrawing them within its shell, ministers should keep close their own counsels. They should, even thus, conceal their own short-comings. Those ministers of a kingdom, who succeed in keeping their counsels close, are said to be wise. Counsels are the armour of a king, and the limbs are his subjects and officers. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-048 राज्यं प्रणिधिमूलं हि मन्त्रसारं प्रचक्षते |
MN DUTT: 07-083-045 राज्यं प्रणिधिमूलं हि मन्त्रसारं प्रचक्षते |
M. N. Dutt: A kingdom depends upon spies and secret agents, and its strength lies in counsels of policy. If masters and ministers follow each other for getting support from each other, controlling pride and anger, and vanity and envy, they may then both become happy. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-049 स विनीय मदक्रोधौ मानमीर्ष्यां च निर्वृतः |
MN DUTT: 07-083-046 संविनीय मदक्रोधौ मानमर्त्यां च निवृताः |
M. N. Dutt: A king should also consult such minister as are free from the five kinds of deceit. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-050 तेषां त्रयाणां विविधं विमर्शं; बुध्येत चित्तं विनिवेश्य तत्र BORI CE: 12-084-051 धर्मार्थकामज्ञमुपेत्य पृच्छे;द्युक्तो गुरुं ब्राह्मणमुत्तमार्थम् |
MN DUTT: 07-083-047 तेषां त्रयाणां विविधं विमर्श विबुद्ध्य चित्तं विनिवेश्य तत्र |
M. N. Dutt: Ascertaining well, first of all, the different opinions of the three whom he has consulted, the king should, for subsequent settlement, go to his preceptor for informing him of those opinions and his own. His preceptor should be a Brahmana well read in all matters of virtue, profit and pleasure. Going, for such subsequent deliberation, to him, the king should, with a calm mind, ask his opinion. When a decision is got at after due deliberation with him, the king should then, without attachment, carry it out into practice. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-052 एवं सदा मन्त्रयितव्यमाहु;र्ये मन्त्रतत्त्वार्थविनिश्चयज्ञाः |
MN DUTT: 07-083-048 एवं सदा मन्त्रयितव्यमाई ये मन्त्रतत्त्वार्थविनिश्चयज्ञाः |
M. N. Dutt: Those who know the science of consultation hold that kings should always hold consultation in this way. Having settled plans in this way, they should then carry them into execution, for then they will be able to win over all the subjects. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-053 न वामनाः कुब्जकृशा न खञ्जा; नान्धा जडाः स्त्री न नपुंसकं च |
MN DUTT: 07-083-049 न वामनाः कुब्जकृशा न खजा नान्धो जडः स्त्री च नपुंसकं च |
M. N. Dutt: There should be no dwarfs, no humpbacked persons, no lean man, no lame or blind man, no idiot, no woman, and no eunuch, at the spot where the king holds his consultations. Nothing should move there, before or behind, above or below, or in opposite directions. |
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BORI CE: 12-084-054 आरुह्य वातायनमेव शून्यं; स्थलं प्रकाशं कुशकाशहीनम् |
MN DUTT: 07-083-050 आरुह्य वा वेश्म तथैव शून्य स्थलं प्रकाशं कुशकाशहीनम् |
M. N. Dutt: Getting up on a boat, or going to an open space shorn of grass and grassy bushes and whence the surrounding land may be distinctly seen, the king should hold consultations at the proper time, avoiding shortcomings of speech and gestures.' |
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