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Book 12 – Chapter 130
BORI CE: 12-130-001 युधिष्ठिर उवाच BORI CE: 12-130-002 केनास्मिन्ब्राह्मणो जीवेज्जघन्ये काल आगते |
MN DUTT: 07-132-001 युधिष्ठिर उवाच हीने परमके धर्म सर्वलोकाभिसंहिते |
M. N. Dutt: Yudhishthira said When virtuous practices calculated to be beneficial the worlds, disappear, when all the means and resources for subsistence fall into the hands of robbers, when such a calamitous time appears, by what means should a Brahmana, O grandfather, who from affection cannot leave his sons and grandsons maintain himself? |
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BORI CE: 12-130-003 भीष्म उवाच |
MN DUTT: 07-132-002 भीष्म उवाच विज्ञानबलमास्थाय जीवितव्यं तथागते |
M. N. Dutt: Bhishma said When such a time appears the Brahmana should live by the help of knowledge. Everything in this world is for the good. Nothing here is for the wicked. |
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BORI CE: 12-130-004 असाधुभ्यो निरादाय साधुभ्यो यः प्रयच्छति |
MN DUTT: 07-132-003 असाधुभ्योऽर्थमादाय साधुभ्यो यः प्रयच्छति |
M. N. Dutt: He, who, himself being an instrument of acquisition, takes wealth from the wicked and gives it to the good, is said to be conversant with the virtue of adversity. |
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BORI CE: 12-130-005 सुरोषेणात्मनो राजन्राज्ये स्थितिमकोपयन् |
MN DUTT: 07-132-004 आकाङ्क्षन्नात्मनो राज्यं राज्ये स्थितिमकोपयन् |
M. N. Dutt: Desirous of preserving his rule, the king, O monarch, without making his subjects indignant and rebellious may take what is not given to him by the owner, of his own accord, saying,-This is mine. |
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BORI CE: 12-130-006 विज्ञानबलपूतो यो वर्तते निन्दितेष्वपि |
MN DUTT: 07-132-005 विज्ञानबलपूतो यो वर्तते निन्दितेष्वपि |
M. N. Dutt: That wise man, who, purified by the possession of knowledge, power and righteous conduct at other times, acts censurably in such times, does not really deserve to be blamed. |
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BORI CE: 12-130-007 येषां बलकृता वृत्तिर्नैषामन्याभिरोचते |
MN DUTT: 07-132-006 येषां बलकृता वृत्तिस्तेषामन्या न रोचते |
M. N. Dutt: They, who always support themselves by displaying their power, never prefer any other mode of living. The powerful, O Yudhishthira, always live by the help of prowess. |
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BORI CE: 12-130-008 यदेव प्रकृतं शास्त्रमविशेषेण विन्दति |
MN DUTT: 07-132-007 यदैव प्राकृतं शास्त्रमविशेषेण वर्तते |
M. N. Dutt: The ordinary injunctions of the scriptures, without exceptions of any kind, should be followed by a king at such times, while following those scriptures, an intelligent king would do something more. |
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BORI CE: 12-130-009 ऋत्विक्पुरोहिताचार्यान्सत्कृतैरभिपूजितान् |
MN DUTT: 07-132-008 ऋत्विकपुरोहिताचार्यान् सत्कृतानभिसत्कृतान् |
M. N. Dutt: At such times, however, the king should not oppress Ritwijas, Purohitas preceptors and Brahmanas, all of whom are respected and held in high esteem. By oppressing them, even at such times, he incurs blame and sin. |
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BORI CE: 12-130-010 एतत्प्रमाणं लोकस्य चक्षुरेतत्सनातनम् |
MN DUTT: 07-132-009 एतत् प्रमाणं लोकस्य चक्षुरेतत् सनातनम् |
M. N. Dutt: This is considered as an authority in the world. Indeed, this is the eternal eye. One should be guided by this authority. This determines whether a king is to be called good or wicked. |
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BORI CE: 12-130-011 बहूनि ग्रामवास्तव्या रोषाद्ब्रूयुः परस्परम् |
MN DUTT: 07-132-010 बहवो ग्रामवास्तव्या रोषाद् ब्रूयुः परस्परम् |
M. N. Dutt: It is seen that moved by jealousy and anger many persons, living in villages and towns, vilify one another. The king should never, as said by them, honour or punish any body. |
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BORI CE: 12-130-012 न वाच्यः परिवादो वै न श्रोतव्यः कथंचन |
MN DUTT: 07-132-011 न वाच्यः परिवादोऽयं न श्रोतव्यः कथञ्चन |
M. N. Dutt: Slander should never be circulated. If spoken, it should never be heard. When any slanderous conversation goes on, one should close one's ears or leave the place immediately. |
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BORI CE: 12-130-013 न वै सतां वृत्तमेतत्परिवादो न पैशुनम् |
MN DUTT: 07-132-012 असतां शीलमेतद् वै परिवादोऽथ पैशुनम् |
M. N. Dutt: Slanderous conversation becomes only wicked men. It is assign of depravity. They, on the cther hand, O king, who mention the virtues of others in assemblies of the god, are good men. |
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BORI CE: 12-130-014 यथा समधुरौ दम्यौ सुदान्तौ साधुवाहिनौ |
MN DUTT: 07-132-013 यथा सुमधुरौ दम्यौ सुदान्तौ साधुवाहिनौ |
M. N. Dutt: As a pair of good-tempered bulls, governable and well-trained to bear loads, put their necks to the yoke and drag the cart willingly, so should the king bear his burden in times of difficulty. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 07-132-014 यथा यथास्य बहवः सहायाः स्युस्तथा परे |
M. N. Dutt: Others say that a king should behave in such a way that he may succeed in acquiring a large number of allies. Some consider ancient practices as the highest mark of righteousness. |
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BORI CE: 12-130-015 आचारमेव मन्यन्ते गरीयो धर्मलक्षणम् |
MN DUTT: 07-132-015 अपरे नैवमिच्छन्ति ये शङ्खलिखितप्रियाः |
M. N. Dutt: They, however, who laud the conduct followed by Shankha towards Likhita, do not hold this opinion. They do not pass such an opinion through either malice or covetousness. |
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BORI CE: 12-130-016 आर्षमप्यत्र पश्यन्ति विकर्मस्थस्य यापनम् |
MN DUTT: 07-132-016 आर्षमप्यत्र पश्यन्ति विकर्मस्थस्य पातनम् |
M. N. Dutt: There are even great Rishis who have laid down that even preceptors, if addicted to evil practices, should be punished. But there is no recognised authority for such a holding. |
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BORI CE: 12-130-017 देवा अपि विकर्मस्थं यातयन्ति नराधमम् |
MN DUTT: 07-132-017 देवताश्च विकर्मस्थं पातयन्ति नराधमम् |
M. N. Dutt: The gods will punish such men when they happen to be vile and guilty of wicked practices. The king, who replenishes his treasury by fraudulent means, certainly deviates from the path of righteousness. |
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BORI CE: 12-130-018 सर्वतः सत्कृतः सद्भिर्भूतिप्रभवकारणैः |
MN DUTT: 07-132-018 सर्वतः सत्कृतः सद्भिर्भूतिप्रवरकारणैः |
M. N. Dutt: That code of morality which is honoured by good persons in affluent circumstances, and which is approved by every honest man, should be followed. |
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BORI CE: 12-130-019 यश्चतुर्गुणसंपन्नं धर्मं वेद स धर्मवित् |
MN DUTT: 07-132-019 यश्चतुर्गुणसम्पन्नं धर्मं ब्रूयात् स धर्मवित् |
M. N. Dutt: He is the master of duty who knows it as depending on all the four foundations. It is as difficult to find out the reasons of duties as it is difficult to find out the legs of the snake. |
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BORI CE: 12-130-020 यथा मृगस्य विद्धस्य मृगव्याधः पदं नयेत् |
MN DUTT: 07-132-020 यथा मृगस्य विद्धस्य पदमेकं पदं नयेत् |
M. N. Dutt: As a hunter discovers the track of a deer wounded with arrow by marking spots of blood on the ground, so should one try to find out the reasons of duties. |
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BORI CE: 12-130-021 एवं सद्भिर्विनीतेन पथा गन्तव्यमच्युत |
MN DUTT: 07-132-021 एवं सद्धिविनीतेन पथा गन्तव्यमित्युत |
M. N. Dutt: Thus should a man follow humbly the path of the good. Such was the conduct of the great royal sages of yore, O Yudhishthira. |
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