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Book 12 – Chapter 173
BORI CE: 12-173-001 युधिष्ठिर उवाच |
MN DUTT: 08-007-001 युधिष्ठिर उवाच बान्धवाः कर्म वित्तं वा प्रज्ञा वेह पितामह |
M. N. Dutt: Yudhishthira said When of these, O grandfather, viz., relatives, or acts or riches, or wisdom, should be the refuge of a person? Accosted by men, answer me this! |
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BORI CE: 12-173-002 भीष्म उवाच |
MN DUTT: 08-007-002 भीष्म उवाच प्रज्ञा प्रतिष्ठा भूतानां प्रज्ञा लाभः परो मतः |
M. N. Dutt: Bhishma said 'Wisdom is the refuge of creatures. Wisdom is considered as the greatest of acquisitions. Wisdom is the greatest happiness in the world. Wisdom is regarded by the good and virtuous as heaven. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-003 प्रज्ञया प्रापितार्थो हि बलिरैश्वर्यसंक्षये |
MN DUTT: 08-007-003 प्रज्ञया प्रापितार्थो हि बलिरैश्वर्यसंक्षये |
M. N. Dutt: It was through wisdom that Vali, Prahlada, Namuchi, and Manki, when they lost their prosperity, succeeded in gaining happiness, What is there that is superior to wisdom. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-004 अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् |
MN DUTT: 08-007-004 अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् |
M. N. Dutt: Regarding it is cited the old story of the conversation between Indra and Kashyapa. Listen to it,O Yudhishthira! |
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BORI CE: 12-173-005 वैश्यः कश्चिदृषिं तात काश्यपं संशितव्रतम् |
MN DUTT: 08-007-005 वैश्यः कश्चिदृषिसुतं काश्यपं संशितव्रतम् |
M. N. Dutt: Once on a time a rich Vaishya, enjoying the highest state of prosperity and elated with his affluence, threw down, by rashly driving his car, a Rishi's son of rigid vows, named Kashyapa, given to penances. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-006 आर्तः स पतितः क्रुद्धस्त्यक्त्वात्मानमथाब्रवीत् BORI CE: 12-173-007 तथा मुमूर्षुमासीनमकूजन्तमचेतसम् BORI CE: 12-173-008 मनुष्ययोनिमिच्छन्ति सर्वभूतानि सर्वशः |
MN DUTT: 08-007-006 आर्तः स पतितः क्रुद्धस्त्यक्त्वाऽऽत्मानमथाब्रवीत् |
M. N. Dutt: Laid low on the ground, the young man, in great pain, yielded to his anger; and in despair resolved, saying, I shall renounce my life. A poor man has no necessity of life in this world!-While the Brahmana was lying in that condition, silent and agitated, shorn of energy and on the verge of death, Indra appeared there in the shape of a jackal and addressing him, said,-All (inferior) creatures seek to be born as men. Among men, again, the dignity of a Brahmana is much coveted. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-009 मनुष्यो ब्राह्मणश्चासि श्रोत्रियश्चासि काश्यप |
MN DUTT: 08-007-007 मनुष्यो ब्राह्मणश्चासि श्रोत्रियश्चासि काश्यप |
M. N. Dutt: You, O Kashyapa, are a human being! Amongst men you are again a Brahmana. Among Brahmanas, you are again well-read in the Vedas. Having acquired that which is difficult to get, you should not give up life from folly. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-010 सर्वे लाभाः साभिमाना इति सत्या बत श्रुतिः |
MN DUTT: 08-007-008 सर्वे लाभाः साभिमाना इति सत्यवती श्रुतिः |
M. N. Dutt: All sorts of earthly) acquisitions are fraught with pride. What the Shrutis hold about it is perfectly true. You appear as the embodiment. In forming such a resolution about renouncing your life, you act from cupidity. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 08-007-009 अहो सिद्धार्थता तेषां येषां सन्तीह पाणयः |
M. N. Dutt: Those who have hands become successful. I eagerly wish to be like those creatures who have hands. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-011 अहो सिद्धार्थता तेषां येषां सन्तीह पाणयः BORI CE: 12-173-012 न पाणिलाभादधिको लाभः कश्चन विद्यते |
MN DUTT: 08-007-009 अहो सिद्धार्थता तेषां येषां सन्तीह पाणयः MN DUTT: 08-007-010 पाणिमद्भ्यः स्पृहास्माकं यथा तव धनस्य वै MN DUTT: 08-007-011 अपाणित्वाद् वयं ब्रह्मन् कण्टकं नोद्धरामहे |
M. N. Dutt: Those who have hands become successful. I eagerly wish to be like those creatures who have hands. We seek hands as eagerly as you seek riches. There is no acquisition more valuable than that of hands. See, O Brahmana, I cannot get out this thorn that has entered my body, or crush these insects and worms that are biting and paining me greatly. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-013 अथ येषां पुनः पाणी देवदत्तौ दशाङ्गुली |
MN DUTT: 08-007-012 अथ येषां पुनः पाणी देवदत्तौ दशाङ्गुली |
M. N. Dutt: Those who have got two hands with ten fingers, can throw away or crush the worms that bite their limbs. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-014 हिमवर्षातपानां च परित्राणानि कुर्वते |
MN DUTT: 08-007-013 वर्षाहिमातपानां च परित्राणानि कुर्वते |
M. N. Dutt: They can make shelters for themselves against rain, cold and heat. They can also enjoy excellent clothes for themselves, good food, comfortable beds, and excellent houses. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-015 अधिष्ठाय च गां लोके भुञ्जते वाहयन्ति च |
MN DUTT: 08-007-014 अधिष्ठाय च गां लोके भुञ्जते वाहयन्ति च |
M. N. Dutt: Living on this Earth, those who have hands enjoy kine and other animals and cause them to carry loads or draw their cars, and by the help of various means make those animals obey them. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-016 ये खल्वजिह्वाः कृपणा अल्पप्राणा अपाणयः |
MN DUTT: 08-007-015 ये खल्वजिह्वाः कृपणा अल्पप्राणा अपाणयः |
M. N. Dutt: Those living creatures that are without tongues, that are helpless, that have little strength, and that have no hands, suffer all kinds of misery. By good luck, O ascetic, you are not like them. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-017 दिष्ट्या त्वं न सृगालो वै न कृमिर्न च मूषकः |
MN DUTT: 08-007-016 दिष्ट्या त्वं न शृगालो वै न कृमिर्न च मूषकः |
M. N. Dutt: By good luck, you are not a jackal, nor a worm, nor a mouse, nor a snake, nor a frog, or nor any other wretched animal. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-018 एतावतापि लाभेन तोष्टुमर्हसि काश्यप |
MN DUTT: 08-007-017 एतावतापि लाभेन तोष्टुमर्हसि काश्यप |
M. N. Dutt: With this gain, you should O Kashyapa, be contented. How happy, again, should you feel yourself, as you think that amongst living creatures you are a superior Brahmana. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-019 इमे मां कृमयोऽदन्ति तेषामुद्धरणाय मे |
MN DUTT: 08-007-018 इमे मां कृमयोऽदन्ति येषामुद्धरणाय वै |
M. N. Dutt: These worms are biting me. For want of hands I cannot drive them off. Look at this my miserable condition. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-020 अकार्यमिति चैवेमं नात्मानं संत्यजाम्यहम् |
MN DUTT: 08-007-019 अकार्यमिति चैवेमं नात्मानं संत्यजाम्यहम् |
M. N. Dutt: I do not renounce life because it is a very sinful act, and lest, indeed, I may have a more miserable birth. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-021 मध्ये वै पापयोनीनां सार्गाली यामहं गतः |
MN DUTT: 08-007-020 मध्ये वै पापयोनीनां शार्गाली यामहं गतः |
M. N. Dutt: This birth, to which I now belong, is rather tolerable. Miserable as it is, there are many more orders below it which miserable. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-022 जात्यैवैके सुखतराः सन्त्यन्ये भृशदुःखिताः |
MN DUTT: 08-007-021 जात्यैवैके सुखितराः सन्त्यन्ये भृशदुःखिताः |
M. N. Dutt: By birth certain classes of creatures become happier than other who suffer great miseries. But I never see that there is any order of being which can enjoy consummate happiness. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-023 मनुष्या ह्याढ्यतां प्राप्य राज्यमिच्छन्त्यनन्तरम् |
MN DUTT: 08-007-022 मनुष्या ह्याढ्यतां प्राप्य राज्यमिच्छन्त्यनन्तरम् |
M. N. Dutt: more come Having acquired riches men next wish for sovereignty. Having acquired riches men next wish for sovereignty. Having acquired sovereignty they next wish to be gods. Having acquired that status they then wish to be the king of the gods. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-024 भवेस्त्वं यद्यपि त्वाढ्यो न राजा न च दैवतम् |
MN DUTT: 08-007-023 भवेस्त्वं यद्यपि त्वाट्यो न राजा न च दैवतम् |
M. N. Dutt: If you become affluent, you will never become a king, nor a god. If by any means you become a god, you will then wish for the kingship of the gods. In no state you will be contented. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-025 न तृप्तिः प्रियलाभेऽस्ति तृष्णा नाद्भिः प्रशाम्यति |
MN DUTT: 08-007-024 न तृप्ति: प्रियलाभेऽस्ति तृष्णा नाद्भिः प्रशाम्यति |
M. N. Dutt: Contentment does not from acquisition of objects of desire. Thirst is never satiated although there is sufficient water. The thirst for acquisition is only increased by each fresh acquisition like a fire with new fuels thrown into it. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-026 अस्त्येव त्वयि शोको वै हर्षश्चास्ति तथा त्वयि |
MN DUTT: 08-007-025 अस्त्येव त्वयि शोकोऽपि हर्षश्चापि तथा त्वयि |
M. N. Dutt: You have grief for your associate. But joy, at the same time, lives in you. Both happiness and misery live in you. Why should you then yield to grief? |
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BORI CE: 12-173-027 परिच्छिद्यैव कामानां सर्वेषां चैव कर्मणाम् |
MN DUTT: 08-007-026 परिच्छिद्यैव कामानां सर्वेषां चैव कर्मणाम् |
M. N. Dutt: One should shut up, like birds in a cage, the very springs, viz., the understanding and the senses, of his desires and acts. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 08-007-027 न द्वितीयस्य शिरसश्छेदनं विद्यते क्वचित् |
M. N. Dutt: A second head, or a third hand, can never by cut. That which does not exist produces no fear, |
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BORI CE: 12-173-028 न खल्वप्यरसज्ञस्य कामः क्वचन जायते |
MN DUTT: 08-007-028 न खल्वप्यरसज्ञस्य कामः क्वचन जायते |
M. N. Dutt: One who has not experienced the enjoyment of a certain object, never feels a desire for that object. Desires originate from the actual experience of the pleasures that touch, or sight, or hearing gives. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-029 न त्वं स्मरसि वारुण्या लट्वाकानां च पक्षिणाम् |
MN DUTT: 08-007-029 न त्वं स्मरसि वारुण्या लट्वाकानां च पक्षिणाम् |
M. N. Dutt: You have no idea of the taste of the wine called Varuni or of the meat of the birds called Ladvaka. There is no drink and no so food sweeter than these. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-030 यानि चान्यानि दूरेषु भक्ष्यभोज्यानि काश्यप |
MN DUTT: 08-007-030 यानि चान्यानि भूतेषु भक्ष्यजातानि कस्यचित् |
M. N. Dutt: You have no idea also, O Kashyapa, of every other superior kind of drink and edible that exists among men, for you have never tasted it. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-031 अप्राशनमसंस्पर्शमसंदर्शनमेव च |
MN DUTT: 08-007-031 अप्राशनमसंस्पर्शमसंदर्शनमेव च |
M. N. Dutt: Forsooth, therefore, a man to acquire happiness should vow not to taste, not to touch, and to see. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-032 पाणिमन्तो धनैर्युक्ता बलवन्तो न संशयः BORI CE: 12-173-033 वधबन्धपरिक्लेशैः क्लिश्यन्ते च पुनः पुनः |
MN DUTT: 08-007-032 पाणिमन्तो बलवन्तो धनवन्तो न संशयः |
M. N. Dutt: Creatures that have hands, forsooth, become strong and acquire riches. men are forced by men to become servants, and are repeatedly afflicted with death, imprisonment, and other punishments. Although such is their condition yet even they laugh and sport and become merry. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-034 अपरे बाहुबलिनः कृतविद्या मनस्विनः |
MN DUTT: 08-007-033 अपरे बाहुबलिनः कृतविद्या मनस्विनः |
M. N. Dutt: Although gifted with strength of arms, knowledge and great energy of mind, others again, follow censurable, sinful, and miserable callings. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-035 उत्सहन्ते च ते वृत्तिमन्यामप्युपसेवितुम् |
MN DUTT: 08-007-034 उत्सहन्ते च ते वृत्तिमन्यामप्युपसेवितुम् |
M. N. Dutt: They try to change such professions or better ones but then they are fettered by their pristine deeds and by the force of Destiny. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-036 न पुल्कसो न चण्डाल आत्मानं त्यक्तुमिच्छति |
MN DUTT: 08-007-035 न पुल्कसो न चाण्डाल आत्मानं त्यक्तुमिच्छति तया तुष्टः स्वया योन्या मायां पश्यस्व यादृशीम् |
M. N. Dutt: The vilest man of the Pukkasa or the Chandala orders never wishes to renounce his life. He is quiet satisfied with his birth. Mark the illusion in it. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-037 दृष्ट्वा कुणीन्पक्षहतान्मनुष्यानामयाविनः |
MN DUTT: 08-007-036 दृष्ट्वा कुणीन् पक्षहतान् मनुष्यानामयाविनः |
M. N. Dutt: Seeing those amongst your order that have no arms, or are struck with palsy, or suffering from other diseases, you can consider yourself as very happy and possessed of valuable properties amongst the members of your own order. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-038 यदि ब्राह्मण देहस्ते निरातङ्को निरामयः |
MN DUTT: 08-007-037 यदि ब्राह्मण देहस्ते निरातङ्कोनिरामयः |
M. N. Dutt: If this your regenerated body remains all right, and free from disease, and all your limbs remain perfect, you will incur reproach amongst men. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-039 न केनचित्प्रवादेन सत्येनैवापहारिणा |
MN DUTT: 08-007-038 न केनचित् प्रवादेन सत्येनैवापहारिणा |
M. N. Dutt: You should not, O Brahmana, renounce your life, even if any blame affects you which can be proved and which can you which can be proved and which lead your excommunication. Rise, and practise virtue. You should not throw away your life. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-040 यदि ब्रह्मञ्शृणोष्येतच्छ्रद्दधासि च मे वचः |
MN DUTT: 08-007-039 यदि ब्रह्मशृणोष्येतच्छ्रद्दधासि च मे वचः |
M. N. Dutt: If, O twice-born one, you listen to me and confide in my words, you will acquire the highest reward of the religion laid down in the Vedas. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-041 स्वाध्यायमग्निसंस्कारमप्रमत्तोऽनुपालय |
MN DUTT: 08-007-040 स्वाध्यायमग्निसंस्कारमप्रमत्तोऽनुपा सत्यं दमं च दानं च स्पर्धिष्ठा मा च केनचित् |
M. N. Dutt: Engage, in Vedic studies, and properly maintain your consecrated hearth, and observe can to truth, and self-control, and charity. Never compare yourself boastfully with another. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-042 ये केचन स्वध्ययनाः प्राप्ता यजनयाजनम् |
MN DUTT: 08-007-041 ये केचन स्वध्ययनाः प्राप्ता यजनयाज |
M. N. Dutt: They who, by studying the Vedas, become competent for celebrating sacrifices for themselves and others, need no. regret or fear any sort of evil. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-043 इच्छन्तस्ते विहाराय सुखं महदवाप्नुयुः |
MN DUTT: 08-007-042 इच्छन्तस्ते विहाराय सुखं महदवाप्नुयुः |
M. N. Dutt: They who are born under an auspicious constellation on an auspicious lunation and at an auspicious hour, try their best for performing sacrifices, practising charity, and procreating children, and wishing to pass their time cheerfully in those acts, at last acquire very great happiness. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-044 नक्षत्रेष्वासुरेष्वन्ये दुस्तीर्था दुर्मुहूर्तजाः |
MN DUTT: 08-007-043 नक्षत्रेष्वासुरेष्वन्ये दुस्तिथौ दुर्मुहूर्तजाः |
M. N. Dutt: They, on the other hand, who are born under evil slaves, inauspicious lunations and at evil hours, cannot perform sacrifices and get progeny and at last fall into the Asura order. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-045 अहमासं पण्डितको हैतुको वेदनिन्दकः |
MN DUTT: 08-007-044 अहमासं पण्डितको हैतुको वेदनिन्दकः |
M. N. Dutt: In my previous birth 1 had much useless learning. I always tried to find out reasons and had very little faith. I used to censure the Vedas. I was unacquainted with the fourfold objects of life, and was devoted to the science of reaping which is based upon ocular or tangible proofs. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-046 हेतुवादान्प्रवदिता वक्ता संसत्सु हेतुमत् |
MN DUTT: 08-007-045 हेतुवादान् प्रवदिता वक्ता संसत्सु हेतुमत् |
M. N. Dutt: I used to speak of reasons only. Indeed, in assemblies, I always spoke of reasons. I used to speak irreverently of the injunctions of the Shrutis and address Brahmanas haughtily. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-047 नास्तिकः सर्वशङ्की च मूर्खः पण्डितमानिकः |
MN DUTT: 08-007-046 नास्तिकः सर्वशङ्की च मूर्खः पण्डितमानिकः |
M. N. Dutt: I was an atheist a sceptic, and though really ignorant, proud of my learning. This birth of a jackal that I have got in this life is the outcome, twice-born one, of those sins of mine. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-048 अपि जातु तथा तत्स्यादहोरात्रशतैरपि BORI CE: 12-173-049 संतुष्टश्चाप्रमत्तश्च यज्ञदानतपोरतिः |
MN DUTT: 08-007-047 अपि जातु तथा तस्मादहोरात्रशतैरपि |
M. N. Dutt: If even after hundreds of days and nights, a jackal that I am now, I can once again secure the birth of humanity, I shall then pass my life in contentment, caring for the true objects of existence, and engaged in sacrifices and gifts. I shall then know what should be known, and shun what should be shunned. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-050 ततः स मुनिरुत्थाय काश्यपस्तमुवाच ह |
MN DUTT: 08-007-048 ततः स मुनिरुत्थाय काश्यपस्तमुवाच ह |
M. N. Dutt: Thus addressed, the ascetic Kashyapa, rising up, said-0, you are surely endued with great knowledge, and intelligence. I really wonder at all this. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-051 समवैक्षत तं विप्रो ज्ञानदीर्घेण चक्षुषा |
MN DUTT: 08-007-049 समवैक्षत तं विप्रो ज्ञानदीभ्रुण चक्षुषा |
M. N. Dutt: With eye whose vision was extended by knowledge, the Brahmana then saw that being who had addressed him as Indra the king on the gods and the lord of Shachi. |
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BORI CE: 12-173-052 ततः संपूजयामास काश्यपो हरिवाहनम् |
MN DUTT: 08-007-050 ततः सम्पूजयामास काश्यपो हरिवाहनम् |
M. N. Dutt: Kashyapa then adored that god having the best of horses to carry him. Receiving afterwards with the god's permission, the Bralunana returned to his house. |
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