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Book 12 – Chapter 035
BORI CE: 12-035-001 युधिष्ठिर उवाच |
MN DUTT: 07-034-001 युधिष्ठिर उवाच कानि कृत्वेह कर्माणि प्रायश्चित्तीयते नरः |
M. N. Dutt: Yudhishthira said 'What are the necessary rites of expiation? And what are those acts which one must do for being released from sin? Tell me this, O grandfather. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-002 व्यास उवाच |
MN DUTT: 07-034-002 व्यास उवाच अकुर्वन् विहितं कर्म प्रतिषिद्धानि चाचरन् |
M. N. Dutt: Vyasa said “Having omitted to perform those acts that have been ordained, and done those that have been forbidden, and have behaved deceitfully, a man becomes liable to perform expiation. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-003 सूर्येणाभ्युदितो यश्च ब्रह्मचारी भवत्युत BORI CE: 12-035-004 परिवित्तिः परिवेत्ता ब्रह्मोज्झो यश्च कुत्सकः BORI CE: 12-035-005 अवकीर्णी भवेद्यश्च द्विजातिवधकस्तथा |
MN DUTT: 07-034-003 सूर्येणाभ्युदितो यश्च ब्रह्मचारी भवत्युत |
M. N. Dutt: The Brahmacharin, who rises from bed after the sun rise, or goes to bed while the sun is setting, one who has a rotten nail or black tecth, one whose younger brother married first, one who marries before his elder brother is married, one who has been guilty of Brahmanicide, one who speaks ill of others, one who marries a younger sister before the elder sister has been married, one who marries an elder sister after having married a younger one, one who does not observe his vow, one kill who a saint, one who imparts a knowledge of the Vedas to a unworthy person, one who does not impart a knowledge thereof a worthy person, one who takes many lives, one who sells flesh, one who has abandoned his (sacred) fire, one who sells the knowledge of the Vedas, one who kills his preceptor or a woman, one born in a sinful family, one who kills an animal wilfully, one who gives fire to a dwelling house, one who lives by deceit, one who disobeys his preceptor, and one who has violated agreement,-these all are guilty of sins requiring expiation. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-006 ग्रामयाजी च कौन्तेय राज्ञश्च परिविक्रयी |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-007 वृथापशुसमालम्भी वनदाहस्य कारकः |
MN DUTT: 07-034-003 सूर्येणाभ्युदितो यश्च ब्रह्मचारी भवत्युत |
M. N. Dutt: The Brahmacharin, who rises from bed after the sun rise, or goes to bed while the sun is setting, one who has a rotten nail or black tecth, one whose younger brother married first, one who marries before his elder brother is married, one who has been guilty of Brahmanicide, one who speaks ill of others, one who marries a younger sister before the elder sister has been married, one who marries an elder sister after having married a younger one, one who does not observe his vow, one kill who a saint, one who imparts a knowledge of the Vedas to a unworthy person, one who does not impart a knowledge thereof a worthy person, one who takes many lives, one who sells flesh, one who has abandoned his (sacred) fire, one who sells the knowledge of the Vedas, one who kills his preceptor or a woman, one born in a sinful family, one who kills an animal wilfully, one who gives fire to a dwelling house, one who lives by deceit, one who disobeys his preceptor, and one who has violated agreement,-these all are guilty of sins requiring expiation. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-008 यश्चाग्नीनपविध्येत तथैव ब्रह्मविक्रयी |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-009 अकार्याण्यपि वक्ष्यामि यानि तानि निबोध मे |
MN DUTT: 07-034-004 अकार्याणि तु वक्ष्यामि यानि तानि निबोध मे |
M. N. Dutt: I shall now mention other acts which men should not do, viz., acts that are forbidden by men and the Vedas. Listen to me with rapt attention. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-010 स्वधर्मस्य परित्यागः परधर्मस्य च क्रिया BORI CE: 12-035-011 शरणागतसंत्यागो भृत्यस्याभरणं तथा BORI CE: 12-035-012 आधानादीनि कर्माणि शक्तिमान्न करोति यः BORI CE: 12-035-013 दक्षिणानामदानं च ब्राह्मणस्वाभिमर्शनम् |
MN DUTT: 07-034-005 स्वधर्मस्य परित्यागः परधर्मस्य च क्रिया |
M. N. Dutt: The rejection of one's own religion, the following of other people's religion, assisting at the sacrifice or the religious rites of one who does not deserve such assistance, eating of forbidden food, deserting one who seeks refuge, neglect in maintaining servants and dependents, selling salt and treacle, killing of birds and animals, refusal, though able to beget children, upon a soliciting woman, negligence of making the daily offering, negligence to present the Dakshina, humiliating a Brahmana, these all are considered as forbidden acts by persons conversant with duty. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-014 पित्रा विभजते पुत्रो यश्च स्याद्गुरुतल्पगः |
MN DUTT: 07-034-006 पित्रा विवदते पुत्रो यश्च स्याद् गुरुतल्पगः |
M. N. Dutt: The son that quarrels with the father, the person who violates the bed of his preceptor, one who neglects to beget children on his wife, are all sinful, O foremost of men. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-015 उक्तान्येतानि कर्माणि विस्तरेणेतरेण च |
MN DUTT: 07-034-007 उक्तान्येतानि कर्माणि विस्तरेणेतरेण च |
M. N. Dutt: I have now described to you in brief as also in detail, those acts and omissions by which a man is compelled to perform expiation. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-016 एतान्येव तु कर्माणि क्रियमाणानि मानवान् |
MN DUTT: 07-034-008 एतान्येव तु कर्माणि क्रियमाणानि मानवाः |
M. N. Dutt: Listen now to the circumstances under which men, by even committing these acts, are not sullied with sin. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-017 प्रगृह्य शस्त्रमायान्तमपि वेदान्तगं रणे |
MN DUTT: 07-034-009 प्रगृह्य शस्त्रमायान्तमपि वेदान्तगं रणे |
M. N. Dutt: If a Brahmana well acquainted with the Vedas takes up arins and tries to kill you in battle, you may proceed against him for taking his life. By such an act the slayer does not become guilty of Brahmanicide. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-018 अपि चाप्यत्र कौन्तेय मन्त्रो वेदेषु पठ्यते |
MN DUTT: 07-034-010 इति चाप्यत्र कौन्तेय मन्त्रो वेदेषु पठ्यते |
M. N. Dutt: There is a Mantra in the Vedas, O son of Kunti, that sanctions it, I describe to you only those practices which are sanctioned by the authority of the Vedas. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-019 अपेतं ब्राह्मणं वृत्ताद्यो हन्यादाततायिनम् |
MN DUTT: 07-034-011 अपेतं ब्राह्मणं वृत्ताद् यो हन्यादाततायिनम् |
M. N. Dutt: One who kills a Brahmana who deviates from his own duties and who goes armed for killing a man, does not truly become the killer of a Brahmania. In such a case it is the anger of the slayer that proceeds against the anger of the slain. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-020 प्राणात्यये तथाज्ञानादाचरन्मदिरामपि |
MN DUTT: 07-034-012 प्राणात्यये तथाज्ञानादाचरन्मदिरामपि |
M. N. Dutt: A person by drinking alcohol unknowingly or upon the advice of a virtuous physician when his life is in a danger should have the expiatory rites performed once more in his case. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-021 एतत्ते सर्वमाख्यातं कौन्तेयाभक्ष्यभक्षणम् |
MN DUTT: 07-034-013 एतत् ते सर्वमाख्यातं कौन्तेयाभक्ष्यभक्षणम् |
M. N. Dutt: All that I have told you, O son of Kunti, about the eating of forbidden food, inay be purified by such expiatory rites. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-022 गुरुतल्पं हि गुर्वर्थे न दूषयति मानवम् |
MN DUTT: 07-034-014 गुरुतल्पं हि गुर्वर्थं न दूषयति मानवम् |
M. N. Dutt: Knowing the preceptor's wife at the preceptor's behest, does not stain the pupil. The sage Uddalaka caused his son Shvetaketu to be begotten by a disciple. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-023 स्तेयं कुर्वंस्तु गुर्वर्थमापत्सु न निबध्यते |
MN DUTT: 07-034-015 स्तेयं कुर्वंच गुर्वर्थमापत्सु न निषिध्यते |
M. N. Dutt: A person by committing theft for his preceptor in a time of distress, is not sullied by that sin. One, however, who commits theft for procuring enjoyments for himself, becomes stained. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-024 अन्यत्र ब्राह्मणस्वेभ्य आददानो न दुष्यति |
MN DUTT: 07-034-016 अन्यत्र ब्राह्मणस्वेभ्य आददानो न दुष्यति |
M. N. Dutt: One is not sullied by stealing from other than Brahmanas in times of distress and for the sake of his preceptor. Only one who steals under such circumstances without reserving for himself any portion thereof, is not sullied by sin. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-025 प्राणत्राणेऽनृतं वाच्यमात्मनो वा परस्य वा |
MN DUTT: 07-034-017 प्राणत्राणेऽनृतं वाच्यमात्मनो वा परस्य च |
M. N. Dutt: A falsehood may be uttered for saving one's own life or that of another, or for the sake of one's preceptor, or for gratifying a woman, or for bringing about a marriage. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-026 नावर्तते व्रतं स्वप्ने शुक्रमोक्षे कथंचन |
MN DUTT: 07-034-018 नावर्तते व्रतं स्वप्ने शुक्रमोक्षे कथंचन |
M. N. Dutt: One's vow of celibacy is not broken by having nocturnal pollutions. In such cases the expiation consists in the pouring of libations of clarified butter on the burning fire. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-027 पारिवित्त्यं च पतिते नास्ति प्रव्रजिते तथा |
MN DUTT: 07-034-019 पारिवित्त्यं त पतिते नास्ति प्रव्रजिते तथा |
M. N. Dutt: If the elder brother is killed or has left the world, the younger brother does not commit sin by marrying. He who solicited by a woman, knows her commits no sin. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-028 वृथापशुसमालम्भं नैव कुर्यान्न कारयेत् |
MN DUTT: 07-034-020 वृथा पशुसमालम्भं नैव कुर्यान्न कारयेत् |
M. N. Dutt: One should not kill or cause to be killed an animal except in a sacrifice. Animals have become sacred for the kindness shown towards them by the creator, himself in the ordinance laid down by him. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-029 अनर्हे ब्राह्मणे दत्तमज्ञानात्तन्न दूषकम् |
MN DUTT: 07-034-021 अनर्हे ब्राह्मणे दत्तमज्ञानात् तन्न दूषकम् |
M. N. Dutt: By making a gift unknowingly to an undeserving Brahmana one does not commit sin. The ignorant omission of behaving with liberality towards a deserving person does not lead to sin. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-030 स्त्रियस्तथापचारिण्यो निष्कृतिः स्याददूषिका |
MN DUTT: 07-034-022 स्त्रियास्तथापचारिण्या निष्कृतिः स्याददूषिका |
M. N. Dutt: By forsaking an unchaste wife one does not incur sin. By such treatment the woman herself may be purified while the husband may avoid sin. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-031 तत्त्वं ज्ञात्वा तु सोमस्य विक्रयः स्याददूषकः |
MN DUTT: 07-034-023 तत्त्वं ज्ञात्वा नु सोमस्य विक्रयः स्याददोषवान् |
M. N. Dutt: One who knows the true uses of the Soma juice, does not commit sin by selling it. By dismissing a servant who is incapable of doing service, one is not visited with sin. |
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BORI CE: 12-035-032 उक्तान्येतानि कर्माणि यानि कुर्वन्न दुष्यति |
MN DUTT: 07-034-024 उक्तान्येतानि कर्माणि यानि कुर्वन्न दुष्यति |
M. N. Dutt: I have grow described those acts by doing which one does not commit sin. I shall now speak to you of expiation in detail. |
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