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Book 12 – Chapter 087
BORI CE: 12-087-001 युधिष्ठिर उवाच |
MN DUTT: 07-086-001 युधिष्ठिर उवाच कथंविधं पुरं राजा स्वयमावस्तुमर्हति |
M. N. Dutt: Yudhishthira said What should be the kind of city within which the king should himself live? Should he select one already made, or should he cause one to be especially made? Tell me this, O grand-father! |
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BORI CE: 12-087-002 भीष्म उवाच |
MN DUTT: 07-086-002 भीष्म उवाच वस्तव्यं यत्र कौन्तेय सपुत्रज्ञातिबन्धुना |
M. N. Dutt: Bhishma said “It is proper, O Bharata, to enquire about how should a king live on a city, and how should he defend it, O son of Kunti. |
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BORI CE: 12-087-003 तस्मात्ते वर्तयिष्यामि दुर्गकर्म विशेषतः |
MN DUTT: 07-086-003 तस्मात् ते वर्तयिष्यामि दुर्गकर्म विशेषतः |
M. N. Dutt: I shall, therefore, describe to you this subject, referring especially to the defences of forts. Having heard me, you should make the arrangements required and conduct yourself attentively as directed. |
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BORI CE: 12-087-004 षड्विधं दुर्गमास्थाय पुराण्यथ निवेशयेत् |
MN DUTT: 07-086-004 षड्विधं दुर्गमास्थाय पुराण्यथ निवेशयेत् |
M. N. Dutt: Keeping his eye on the six different sorts of forts the king should build his cities containing every kind of riches and every article of use in profusion. |
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BORI CE: 12-087-005 धन्वदुर्गं महीदुर्गं गिरिदुर्गं तथैव च |
MN DUTT: 07-086-005 धन्वदुर्गं महीदुर्गं गिरिदुर्गं तथैव च |
M. N. Dutt: Those six kinds are water-citadels, earthcitadels, hill-citadels, human-citadels, mud citadels, and forest-citadels. |
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BORI CE: 12-087-006 यत्पुरं दुर्गसंपन्नं धान्यायुधसमन्वितम् BORI CE: 12-087-007 विद्वांसः शिल्पिनो यत्र निचयाश्च सुसंचिताः BORI CE: 12-087-008 ऊर्जस्विनरनागाश्वं चत्वरापणशोभितम् BORI CE: 12-087-009 सुप्रभं सानुनादं च सुप्रशस्तनिवेशनम् BORI CE: 12-087-010 समाजोत्सवसंपन्नं सदापूजितदैवतम् |
MN DUTT: 07-086-006 यत्पुरं दुर्गसम्पन्नं धान्यायुधसमन्वितम् |
M. N. Dutt: The king, with his ministers and the army perfectly loyal to him, should live in that city which is defended by a fort, which contains profuse rice and weapons, which is protected with impenetrable walls and a trench, which has a sufficient number of elephants, horses and cars, which is inhabited by learned men and well-versed in the mechanical arts, where storage of provisions of every sort has been made, whose inhabitants are virtuous and clear in business, strong-bodied and energetic and as also its animals, which has many open squares and rows of shops, where all persons are righteous, where peace reigns where no danger exists, which shines with beauty and resounds with music and songs, where the houses are all spacious, where the residents have among them many brave and rich persons, which echoes with the chanting of Vedic hymns, where festivities and rejoicings frequently take place, and where the deities are always adored. |
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BORI CE: 12-087-011 तत्र कोशं बलं मित्रं व्यवहारं च वर्धयेत् |
MN DUTT: 07-086-007 तत्र कोशं बलं मित्रं व्यवहारं च वर्धयेत् |
M. N. Dutt: Living there, the king should always try to fill his treasury, to increase his army, multiply the number of his friends, and establish courts of justice. He should suppress all abuses and evils in both his cities and provinces. |
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BORI CE: 12-087-012 भाण्डागारायुधागारं प्रयत्नेनाभिवर्धयेत् |
MN DUTT: 07-086-008 भाण्डागारायुधागारं प्रयत्नेनाभिवर्धयेत् |
M. N. Dutt: He should collect provisions of all sorts and replenish his arsenals carefully. He should also increase his storage of rice and other grain, and strengthen his counsels. |
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BORI CE: 12-087-013 काष्ठलोहतुषाङ्गारदारुशृङ्गास्थिवैणवान् BORI CE: 12-087-014 शणं सर्जरसं धान्यमायुधानि शरांस्तथा |
MN DUTT: 07-086-009 काष्ठलोहतुषाङ्गारदारू शृङ्गास्थिवैणवान् |
M. N. Dutt: He should, increase his stores of fuel, iron, chaff, charcoal, timber, horns, bones, bamboos, marrow, oils, clarified butter, fat, honey, medicines, flax, resin, rice, weapons, arrows, leather, catgut, canes, and strings and cords made of Munja grass and other plants and creepers. |
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BORI CE: 12-087-015 आशयाश्चोदपानाश्च प्रभूतसलिला वराः |
MN DUTT: 07-086-010 आशयाचोदपानाश्च प्रभूतसलिलाकराः |
M. N. Dutt: He should multiply the number of tanks and wells containing large quantities of water, and should protect all shady trees. |
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BORI CE: 12-087-016 सत्कृताश्च प्रयत्नेन आचार्यर्त्विक्पुरोहिताः BORI CE: 12-087-017 प्राज्ञा मेधाविनो दान्ता दक्षाः शूरा बहुश्रुताः |
MN DUTT: 07-086-011 सत्कृताश्च प्रयत्नेन आचार्यद्विकपुरोहिताः |
M. N. Dutt: He should entertain with honour the teachers of various sciences, Ritwijas, priests, powerful bowmen, persons skilled in architecture, astronomers, astrologers, physicians, as well as all men endued with wisdom, intelligence, self-control, cleverness, courage, learning, high-descent and energy, and competent to do all work. |
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BORI CE: 12-087-018 पूजयेद्धार्मिकान्राजा निगृह्णीयादधार्मिकान् |
MN DUTT: 07-086-012 पूजयेद् धार्मिकान् राजा निगृह्णीयादधार्मिकान् |
M. N. Dutt: The king should honour the righteous and punish the unrighteous. He should, acting with resolution, compell the several castes follow their respective duties, |
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BORI CE: 12-087-019 बाह्यमाभ्यन्तरं चैव पौरजानपदं जनम् |
MN DUTT: 07-086-013 बाह्ममाभ्यन्तरं चैव पौरजानपदं तथा |
M. N. Dutt: Knowing properly, through spies, the external conduct and the state of mind of the inhabitants of his city and provinces, he should take the necessary steps. |
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BORI CE: 12-087-020 चारान्मन्त्रं च कोशं च मन्त्रं चैव विशेषतः |
MN DUTT: 07-086-014 चरान्मन्त्रं च कोशं च दण्डं चैव विशेषतः |
M. N. Dutt: The king should himself look after his spies and counsels, his treasury, and the instrument for inflicting punishments. Everything depends upon these. |
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BORI CE: 12-087-021 उदासीनारिमित्राणां सर्वमेव चिकीर्षितम् |
MN DUTT: 07-086-015 उदासीनारिमित्राणां सर्वमेव चिकीर्षितम् |
M. N. Dutt: Having spies for his eyes, the king should learn all the acts and intentions of his foes, friends, and neutrals. |
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BORI CE: 12-087-022 ततस्तथा विधातव्यं सर्वमेवाप्रमादतः |
MN DUTT: 07-086-016 ततस्तेषां विधातव्यं सर्वमेवाप्रमादतः |
M. N. Dutt: He should then, carefully, concert his own measures, honouring those that are loyal to him and chastising those that are hostile. |
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BORI CE: 12-087-023 यष्टव्यं क्रतुभिर्नित्यं दातव्यं चाप्यपीडया |
MN DUTT: 07-086-017 यष्टव्यं क्रतुभिर्नित्यं दातव्यं चाप्यपीडया |
M. N. Dutt: The king should always worship the gods in sacrifices and make gifts without giving pain to anybody. He should protect his subjects, never doing anything that may stand in the way of righteousness. |
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BORI CE: 12-087-024 कृपणानाथवृद्धानां विधवानां च योषिताम् |
MN DUTT: 07-086-018 कृपणानाथवृद्धानां विधवानां च योषिताम् |
M. N. Dutt: He should always support and protect the helpless, the lordless, the aged, and widows. |
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BORI CE: 12-087-025 आश्रमेषु यथाकालं चेलभाजनभोजनम् |
MN DUTT: 07-086-019 आश्रमेषु यथाकालं चैलभाजनभोजनम् |
M. N. Dutt: The king should always honour the ascetics and present them, at proper times, with clothes, vessels and food. |
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BORI CE: 12-087-026 आत्मानं सर्वकार्याणि तापसे राज्यमेव च |
MN DUTT: 07-086-020 आत्मानं सर्वकार्याणि तापसे राष्ट्रमेव च |
M. N. Dutt: The king should, with sufficient care, inform the ascetics of the state of his own self, of all his measures, and of the kingdom, and should always behave humbly in their presence. |
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BORI CE: 12-087-027 सर्वार्थत्यागिनं राजा कुले जातं बहुश्रुतम् |
MN DUTT: 07-086-021 सर्वार्थत्यागिनं राजा कुले जातं बहुश्रुतम् |
M. N. Dutt: When he beholds anchorites of high descent and great learning that have forsaken all earthly objects, he should honour them with presents of beds and seats and food. |
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BORI CE: 12-087-028 तस्मिन्कुर्वीत विश्वासं राजा कस्यांचिदापदि |
MN DUTT: 07-086-022 तस्मिन् कुर्वीत विश्वासं राजा कस्याञ्चिदापदि |
M. N. Dutt: Whatever the distress which he befalls him, he should confide in an anchorite. The very ribbers place confidence upon persons of that character. |
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BORI CE: 12-087-029 तस्मिन्निधीनादधीत प्रज्ञां पर्याददीत च |
MN DUTT: 07-086-023 तस्मिन् निधीनादधीत प्रज्ञां पर्याददीत च |
M. N. Dutt: The king should keep his wealth in charge of an ascetic and should take wise counsels from him. He should not, however, always wait upon them or adore them at all times. |
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BORI CE: 12-087-030 अन्यः कार्यः स्वराष्ट्रेषु परराष्ट्रेषु चापरः |
MN DUTT: 07-086-024 अन्यः कार्यः स्वराष्ट्रेषु परराष्ट्रेषु चापरः |
M. N. Dutt: From among those living in his own kingdom, he should select one for friendship. Likewise, he should select another from among those that live in the kingdom of his enemy. He should select a third from among recluses in the forests, and a fourth from among those living in his tributary kingdoms. |
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BORI CE: 12-087-031 तेषु सत्कारसंस्कारान्संविभागांश्च कारयेत् |
MN DUTT: 07-086-025 तेषु सत्कारमानाभ्यां संविभागांश्च कारयेत् |
M. N. Dutt: He should treat them hospitably and honour them and assign them the means of maintenance. He should treat the ascetics living in the kingdoms of enemies in the forests in the same way as those that live in his own kingdom. |
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BORI CE: 12-087-032 ते कस्यांचिदवस्थायां शरणं शरणार्थिने |
MN DUTT: 07-086-026 ते कस्याञ्चिदवस्थायां शरणं शरणार्थिने |
M. N. Dutt: Engaged in penances and of rigid vows, they would, if calamity befalls the king and if he prays for protection, grant him what he wants. |
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BORI CE: 12-087-033 एष ते लक्षणोद्देशः संक्षेपेण प्रकीर्तितः |
MN DUTT: 07-086-027 एष ते लक्षणोद्देशः संक्षेपेण प्रकीर्तितः |
M. N. Dutt: I have now told you briefly the characteristics of the city in which the king should live. |
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