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Book 12 – Chapter 091
BORI CE: 12-091-001 भीष्म उवाच |
MN DUTT: 07-090-001 भीष्म उवाच यानङ्गिराः क्षत्रधर्मानुतथ्यो ब्रह्मवित्तमः |
M. N. Dutt: Bhishma said That best of all persons conversant with the Vedas, viz., Utatthya of Angirasa's family, discoursed gladly to Yuvanashva's son Mandhatri. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-002 स यथानुशशासैनमुतथ्यो ब्रह्मवित्तमः |
MN DUTT: 07-090-002 स यथानुशशासैनमुतथ्यो ब्रह्मवित्तमः |
M. N. Dutt: I shall now, O Yudhishthira, relate to you every thing that Utatthya, that foremost of all perscns conversant with the Vedas, had said to that king. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-003 उतथ्य उवाच |
MN DUTT: 07-090-003 उतथ्य उवाच धर्माय राजा भवति न कामकरणाय तु |
M. N. Dutt: Utatthya said One becomes a king for advancing the cause of virtue and not for acting capriciously. Know this, O Mandhatri; the king is, indeed, the protector of the world. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-004 राजा चरति वै धर्मं देवत्वायैव गच्छति |
MN DUTT: 07-090-004 राजा चरति चेद् धर्मं देवत्वायैव कल्पते |
M. N. Dutt: If the king acts piously, he attains to the dignity of a god. If, however, he acts unrighteously, he sinks into hell. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-005 धर्मे तिष्ठन्ति भूतानि धर्मो राजनि तिष्ठति BORI CE: 12-091-006 राजा परमधर्मात्मा लक्ष्मीवान्पाप उच्यते |
MN DUTT: 07-090-005 धर्मे तिष्ठन्ति भूतानि धर्मो राजनि तिष्ठति |
M. N. Dutt: All cri itures depends upon righteousness. Righteousness again depends upon the king. men That king, therefore, who maintains righteousness, is truly a king, that king who has a pious soul and posseses every kind of accomplishments is said to be an embodiment of virtue. If a king fails to punish iniquity, the god leave his palace and he incurs disreputation among men. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-007 अधर्मे वर्तमानानामर्थसिद्धिः प्रदृश्यते |
MN DUTT: 07-090-006 स्वधर्मे वर्तमानानामर्थसिद्धिः प्रदृश्यते |
M. N. Dutt: The endeavours of men who observe their own duties are always successful. Therefore all try to obey the injunctions of righteousness which yield prosperity. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-008 उच्छिद्यते धर्मवृत्तमधर्मो वर्तते महान् |
MN DUTT: 07-090-007 उच्छिद्यते धर्मवृत्तमधर्मो वर्तते महान् |
M. N. Dutt: When sin is not restrained righteousness disappears and unrighteousness multiplies itself. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 07-090-008 ममेदमिति नैवैतत् साधूनां तात धर्मतः |
M. N. Dutt: When sin is not restrained, no one can, in view of the rights of property as sanctioned by the scriptures, say,-This thing is mine and this is not mine. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 07-090-009 नैव भार्या न पशवो न क्षेत्रं न निवेशनम् |
M. N. Dutt: When sinfulness reigns rampant in the world, men cannot own and enjoy their own wives and animals and fields and houses. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 07-090-010 देवा: पूजां न जानन्ति न स्वधां पितरस्तदा |
M. N. Dutt: When sin is not restrained the deities get no adorations, the Pitris no offerings in Shraddhas, and guests no hospitality. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-009 न वेदाननुवर्तन्ति व्रतवन्तो द्विजातयः |
MN DUTT: 07-090-011 न वेदानधिगच्छन्ति व्रतवन्तो द्विजातयः |
M. N. Dutt: When sinfulness is not restrained, the twice-born ones do not study the Vedas, or practise high vows, or perform sacrifices. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-010 वध्यानामिव सर्वेषां मनो भवति विह्वलम् |
MN DUTT: 07-090-012 वृद्धानामिव सत्त्वानां मनो भवति विह्वलम् |
M. N. Dutt: When sin is not restrained, the minds of men, O king, become weak and bewildered like those of persons wounded with weapons. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-011 उभौ लोकावभिप्रेक्ष्य राजानमृषयः स्वयम् |
MN DUTT: 07-090-013 उभौ लोकावभिप्रेक्ष्य राजानमृषयः स्वयम् |
M. N. Dutt: Looking on both the worlds, the Rishis made the king, that best of men, with a view that he should be righteousness incarnate on Earth. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-012 यस्मिन्धर्मो विराजेत तं राजानं प्रचक्षते |
MN DUTT: 07-090-014 यस्मिन् धर्मो विराजेत तं राजानं प्रचक्षते |
M. N. Dutt: He is called Rajan in whom righteousness predominates. That king, again, in whom there is no righteousness, is called a Vrishala. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-013 वृषो हि भगवान्धर्मो यस्तस्य कुरुते ह्यलम् |
MN DUTT: 07-090-015 वृषो हि भगवान् धर्मो यस्तस्य कुरुते ह्यलम् |
M. N. Dutt: Righteousness has another name, viz., Vrisha. He who weakens Vrisha passes by the name of Vrishala. A king should, therefore, further the cause of Righteousness. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-014 धर्मे वर्धति वर्धन्ति सर्वभूतानि सर्वदा |
MN DUTT: 07-090-016 धर्मे वर्धति वर्धन्ति सर्वभूतानि सर्वदा |
M. N. Dutt: All creatures prosper by the growth of righteousness and deteriorate with its decay. Righteousness, therefore, should never be suffered to decay. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-015 धनात्स्रवति धर्मो हि धारणाद्वेति निश्चयः |
MN DUTT: 07-090-017 धनात् स्त्रवति धर्मो हि धारणाद् वेति निश्चयः |
M. N. Dutt: Righteousness is called Dharma, because it helps the acquisition and preservation of wealth. The sages, O king, have declared that the Dharma restrains and limits all evils acts of men. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-016 प्रभवार्थं हि भूतानां धर्मः सृष्टः स्वयंभुवा |
MN DUTT: 07-090-018 प्रभवार्थं हि भूतानां धर्मः सृष्टः स्वयम्भुवा |
M. N. Dutt: The Self-create created Dharma for the aggrandisement and growth of creatures. Therefore, a king should follow the dictates of Dharma for benefiting his people. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-017 तस्माद्धि राजशार्दूल धर्मः श्रेष्ठ इति स्मृतः |
MN DUTT: 07-090-019 तस्माद्धि राजशार्दूल धर्मः श्रेष्ठतरः स्मृतः |
M. N. Dutt: Therefore also, O foremost of kings' Dharma has been said to be the highest of all things. That best of men who governs his subjects righteously is called a king. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-018 कामक्रोधावनादृत्य धर्ममेवानुपालयेत् |
MN DUTT: 07-090-020 कामक्रोधावनादृत्य धर्ममेवानुपालय |
M. N. Dutt: Disregarding lust and anger follow the dictates of righteousness. Of all things, O chief of Bharata's race, which secure the prosperity of kings, righteousness is the foremost. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-019 धर्मस्य ब्राह्मणा योनिस्तस्मात्तान्पूजयेत्सदा |
MN DUTT: 07-090-021 धर्मस्य ब्राह्मणो योनिस्तस्मात् पूजयेत् सदा |
M. N. Dutt: Dharma, again, has originated from the Brahmana. Therefore, the Brahmana should always be adored. You, should, O Mandhatri, satisfy humbly the wishes of Brahmanas. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-020 तेषां ह्यकामकरणाद्राज्ञः संजायते भयम् |
MN DUTT: 07-090-022 तेषां ह्यकामकरणाद् राज्ञः संजायते भयम् |
M. N. Dutt: Neglecting to please Brahmanas the king brings danger on himself, for such neglect, he cannot acquire friends while his enemies multiply. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-021 ब्राह्मणान्वै तदासूयाद्यदा वैरोचनो बलिः |
MN DUTT: 07-090-023 ब्राह्मणानां सदासूयाद् बाल्याद् वैरोचनो बलिः |
M. N. Dutt: For entertaining malice out of folly towards the Brahmanas, the goddess of prosperity who had formerly lived with him became irate and deserted the Asura Vali the son of Virochana. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-022 ततस्तस्मादपक्रम्य सागच्छत्पाकशासनम् |
MN DUTT: 07-090-024 ततस्तस्मादपाक्रम्य सागच्छत् पाकशासनम् |
M. N. Dutt: Deserting the Asura she went to Indra the king of gods. Seeing the goddess living with Purandara, Vali regretted idly. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-023 एतत्फलमसूयाया अभिमानस्य चाभिभो |
MN DUTT: 07-090-025 एतत् फलमसूयाया अभिमानस्य वा विभो |
M. N. Dutt: This, O powerful one, is the outcome of malice and pride. Be you awakened, O Mandhatri, so that the goddess of prosperity ! may not in anger desert you. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-024 दर्पो नाम श्रियः पुत्रो जज्ञेऽधर्मादिति श्रुतिः |
MN DUTT: 07-090-026 दर्पो नाम श्रियः पुत्रो जज्ञेऽधर्मादिति श्रुतिः |
M. N. Dutt: The Shrutis say that unrighteousness beget a son named Pride upon the goddess of prosperity. This Pride, O king, brought ruin upon many among the gods and the Asuras. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-025 राजर्षयश्च बहवस्तस्माद्बुध्यस्व पार्थिव |
MN DUTT: 07-090-027 राजर्षयश्च बहवस्तथा बुध्यस्व पार्थिव |
M. N. Dutt: Many royal sages were ruined for him. Do you, therefore, awaken, O king, He who can conquer him becomes a king. He, however, who suffers himself to be conquered by him, becomes a slave. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-026 स यथा दर्पसहितमधर्मं नानुसेवसे |
MN DUTT: 07-090-028 स यथा दर्पसहितमधर्मं नानुसेवते |
M. N. Dutt: If, O Mandhatri, you wish to enjoy a life of perpetual happiness, live as a king should who does not indulge these two, viz., Pride and Unrighteousness. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-027 मत्तात्प्रमत्तात्पोगण्डादुन्मत्ताच्च विशेषतः |
MN DUTT: 07-090-029 मत्तात्प्रमत्तात् पौगण्डादुन्मत्ताच्च विशेषतः |
M. N. Dutt: Do not associate with him,—who is intoxicated with pride, who does not follow honesty, who scoffs at religion, who is insensate and negligent in paying homage to all of them even when united. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-028 निगृहीतादमात्याच्च स्त्रीभ्यश्चैव विशेषतः BORI CE: 12-091-029 एतेभ्यो नित्ययत्तः स्यान्नक्तंचर्यां च वर्जयेत् |
MN DUTT: 07-090-030 निगृहीतादमात्याच्च स्त्रीभ्यश्चैव विशेषतः |
M. N. Dutt: Keep yourself aloof from the company of ministers whom you have once punished and especially of women, as also from mountains and uneven lands and inaccessible forts and elephants and horses and reptiles. You should never wander in the night, and avoid stinginess, vanity, boastfulness, and anger. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-030 अविज्ञातासु च स्त्रीषु क्लीबासु स्वैरिणीषु च |
MN DUTT: 07-090-031 अविज्ञातासु च स्त्रीषु क्लीबासु स्वैरिणीषु च |
M. N. Dutt: You should never know unknown women, or the eunuchs, or those who are lewd, or those who are the wives of other men, or those who are unmarried. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-031 कुलेषु पापरक्षांसि जायन्ते वर्णसंकरात् |
MN DUTT: 07-090-032 कुलेषु पापरक्षांसि जायन्ते वर्णसंकरात् |
M. N. Dutt: When the king does not restrain vice, an intermixture of castes follows, and sinful Rakshasas, eunuchs, children destitute of limbs or possessed of thick tongues, and idiots, begin to take birth in even respectable families, |
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BORI CE: 12-091-032 एते चान्ये च जायन्ते यदा राजा प्रमाद्यति |
MN DUTT: 07-090-033 एते चान्ये च जायन्ते यदा राजा प्रमाद्यति |
M. N. Dutt: Therefore, the king should take particular care to act righteously for the behoof of his people. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-033 क्षत्रियस्य प्रमत्तस्य दोषः संजायते महान् |
MN DUTT: 07-090-034 क्षत्रियस्य प्रमत्तस्य दोषः संजायते महान् |
M. N. Dutt: If a king acts heedlessly, it produces a great evil. Unrighteousness multiplies causing an intermixture of castes. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-034 अशीते विद्यते शीतं शीते शीतं न विद्यते |
MN DUTT: 07-090-035 अशीते विद्यते शीतं शीते शीतं न विद्यते |
M. N. Dutt: Cold appears during the summer months, and disappears in its proper season. Drought and flood and pestilence attack the people. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-035 नक्षत्राण्युपतिष्ठन्ति ग्रहा घोरास्तथापरे |
MN DUTT: 07-090-036 नक्षत्राण्युपतिष्ठन्ति ग्रहा घोरास्तथागते |
M. N. Dutt: Evil stars arise and dreadful comets appear on such occasions. Various other portents, presaging destruction of the kingdom, appear. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-036 अरक्षितात्मा यो राजा प्रजाश्चापि न रक्षति |
MN DUTT: 07-090-037 अरक्षितात्मा यो राजा प्रजाश्चापि न रक्षति |
M. N. Dutt: If the king does not take steps for his own safety and does not protect his subjects, the latter first meet with destruction which ultimately overtakes the king himself. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-037 द्वावाददाते ह्येकस्य द्वयोश्च बहवोऽपरे |
MN DUTT: 07-090-038 द्वावाददाते ह्येकस्य द्वयोः सुबहवोऽपरे |
M. N. Dutt: Two persons in unision take away the wealth of one, and many acting together rob the two. The virginity of maidens is destroyed. Such a state of things originate from the king's faults. |
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BORI CE: 12-091-038 ममैतदिति नैकस्य मनुष्येष्ववतिष्ठते |
MN DUTT: 07-090-039 ममेदमिति नैकस्य मनुष्येष्ववतिष्ठति |
M. N. Dutt: All rights of property are destroyed among men, when the king, forsaking righteousness, acts heedlessly. |
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