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Book 12 – Chapter 122
BORI CE: 12-122-001 भीष्म उवाच |
MN DUTT: 07-122-001 भीष्म उवाच अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीपमितिहासं पुरातनम् |
M. N. Dutt: Bhishma said “Regarding it is cited the following old story. There was among the Angas a highly effulgent king called Vasuhoma. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-002 स राजा धर्मनित्यः सन्सह पत्न्या महातपाः |
MN DUTT: 07-122-002 स राजा धर्मविन्नित्यं सह पत्न्या महातपाः |
M. N. Dutt: That king was always engaged in acts of piety, and accompanied by his wife he always practised the austerest penances. He went to the spot called Munjaprishtha highly respected by the Pitris and the celestial Rishis. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-003 तत्र शृङ्गे हिमवतो मेरौ कनकपर्वते |
MN DUTT: 07-122-003 तत्र शृङ्गे हिमवतो मेरौ कनकपर्वते |
M. N. Dutt: There, on that peak of Himavat, near the golden mountain of Meru. Rama, sitting under the shade of a well-known banian, had tied his matted locks together. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-004 तदाप्रभृति राजेन्द्र ऋषिभिः संशितव्रतैः |
MN DUTT: 07-122-004 तदाप्रभृति राजेन्द्र ऋषिभिः संशितव्रतैः |
M. N. Dutt: From that time, O king, the spot, which is a favourite resort of Rudra, passed by the naine of Munjaprishtha among Rishis of rigid vows. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-005 स तत्र बहुभिर्युक्तः सदा श्रुतिमयैर्गुणैः |
MN DUTT: 07-122-005 स तत्र बहुभुिर्यक्तस्तदा श्रुतिमयैर्गुणैः |
M. N. Dutt: Living there, king Vasuhoma acquired many pious attributes and, having gained the regard of the Brahmanas, came to be regarded as a celestial Rishi in holiness. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-006 तं कदाचिददीनात्मा सखा शक्रस्य मानितः |
MN DUTT: 07-122-006 तं कदाचिददीनात्मा सखा शक्रस्य मानितः |
M. N. Dutt: One day, that grinder of enemies, that friend of Shakra, viz., king Mandhata of great soul, came to Vasuhoma on his mountain retreat. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-007 सोऽभिसृत्य तु मान्धाता वसुहोमं नराधिपम् |
MN DUTT: 07-122-007 सोपसृत्य तु मान्धाता वसुहोमं नराधिपम् |
M. N. Dutt: Arrived there, and seeing king Vasuhoma of austere penances, stood humbly before the latter. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-008 वसुहोमोऽपि राज्ञो वै गामर्घ्यं च न्यवेदयत् |
MN DUTT: 07-122-008 वसुहोमोऽपि राज्ञो वै पाद्यमयँ न्यवेदयत् |
M. N. Dutt: Vasuhoma offered his guest water to wash his feet, and the Arghya consisting of the usual articles, and enquired of him about the wellbeing or otherwise of his kingdom consisting of seven limbs. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-009 सद्भिराचरितं पूर्वं यथावदनुयायिनम् |
MN DUTT: 07-122-009 सद्भिराचरितं पूर्वं यथावदनुयायिनम् |
M. N. Dutt: After this, Vasuhoma addressed his royal guest who strictly followed the conduct of the righteous men of old, saying,-What, О king, shall I do for you. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-010 सोऽब्रवीत्परमप्रीतो मान्धाता राजसत्तमम् |
MN DUTT: 07-122-010 सोऽब्रवीत्परमप्रीतो मान्धाता राजसत्तमम् |
M. N. Dutt: Thus addressed, O delighter of the Kurus, Mandhatri, that best of kings, highly pleased, answered the greatly wise Vasuhoma seated at his ease, in the following words. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-011 बृहस्पतेर्मतं राजन्नधीतं सकलं त्वया |
MN DUTT: 07-122-011 मान्धातोवाच बृहस्पतेर्मतं राजन्नधीतं सकलं त्वया |
M. N. Dutt: Mandhatri said You have, O king, studied all the doctrines of Brihaspati! O best of men, you know also the doctrines laid down by Ushanas. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-012 तदहं श्रोतुमिच्छामि दण्ड उत्पद्यते कथम् |
MN DUTT: 07-122-012 तदहं ज्ञातुमिच्छामि दण्ड उत्पद्यते कथम् |
M. N. Dutt: I wish to know what is the origin of Punishment? What also is said to be its end? |
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BORI CE: 12-122-013 कथं क्षत्रियसंस्थश्च दण्डः संप्रत्यवस्थितः |
MN DUTT: 07-122-013 कथं क्षत्रियसंस्थश्च दण्डः सम्प्रत्यवस्थितः |
M. N. Dutt: How Came Punishment to depend upon the Kshatriya? Tell me all this, O you of great wisdom. I approach you as a disciple ready to give you the tuition fee. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-014 वसुहोम उवाच |
MN DUTT: 07-122-014 वसुहोम उवाच शृणु राजन् यथा दण्डः सम्भूतो लोकसंग्रहः |
M. N. Dutt: Vasuhoma said Listen, O king, as to how Punishment, that upholder of the world, sprang up. It is the soul of righteousness, and eternal, and was created for preserving the proper government of all creatures. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-015 ब्रह्मा यियक्षुर्भगवान्सर्वलोकपितामहः |
MN DUTT: 07-122-015 ब्रह्मा यियक्षुर्भगवान् सर्वलोकपितामहः |
M. N. Dutt: We have heard that once upon a time, the Grandfather of all the worlds, viz., the divine Brahmana, desiring to celebrate a sacrifice, could not find a priest equally qualified like himself. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-016 स गर्भं शिरसा देवो वर्षपूगानधारयत् |
MN DUTT: 07-122-016 स गर्भ शिरसा देवो बहुवर्षाण्यधारयत् |
M. N. Dutt: Therefore, he once conceived in his brain and held the foetus there for many long years. After a thousand years, the great god sneezed. In that act, the foetus dropped from his head. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-017 स क्षुपो नाम संभूतः प्रजापतिररिंदम |
MN DUTT: 07-122-017 स क्षुपो नाम सम्भूतः प्रजापतिररिंदम् |
M. N. Dutt: The divine being, O chastiser of foes, who was thus born from Brahman passed by the name of Kshupa. Highly powerful be became a lord of creatures. That Kshupa officiated as priest, O king, in the sacrifice of the highsouled Grandfather. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-018 तस्मिन्प्रवृत्ते सत्रे तु ब्रह्मणः पार्थिवर्षभ |
MN DUTT: 07-122-018 तस्मिन् प्रवृत्ते सत्रे तु ब्रह्मणः पार्थिवर्षभ |
M. N. Dutt: Upon the commencement of that sacrifice, of Brahman, O best of kings, punishment disappeared on account of the visible form that the Grandfather was then obliged to assume. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-019 तस्मिन्नन्तर्हिते चाथ प्रजानां संकरोऽभवत् |
MN DUTT: 07-122-019 तस्मिन्नन्तर्हिते चापि प्रजानां संकरोऽभवत् |
M. N. Dutt: Punishment having disappeared, a great confusion arose among all creatures. There was no longer any distinction between what should be done and what should not. All difference, again, between clean and unclean food disappeared. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-020 पेयापेयं कुतः सिद्धिर्हिंसन्ति च परस्परम् |
MN DUTT: 07-122-020 पेयापेये कुतः सिद्धिर्हिसन्ति च परस्परम् |
M. N. Dutt: Men could not distinguish between what drink was allowable and what drink was not. All creatures began to injure one another. There were no restraints about the union of the sexes. All idea of property disappeared. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-021 परस्परं विलुम्पन्ते सारमेया इवामिषम् |
MN DUTT: 07-122-021 परस्परं विलुम्पन्ति सारमेया यथामिषम् |
M. N. Dutt: All creatures began to rob, snatching meat from one another. The strong began to kill the weak. Nobody cared the least for his neighbour. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-022 ततः पितामहो विष्णुं भगवन्तं सनातनम् BORI CE: 12-122-023 अत्र साध्वनुकम्पां वै कर्तुमर्हसि केवलम् |
MN DUTT: 07-122-022 ततः पितामहो विष्णुं भगवन्तं सनातनम् |
M. N. Dutt: Then, having adored the divine and eternal Vishnu, the grandfather addressed that great boon-giving god, saying,-You should, O Keshava, show mercy on the present occasion. Let it be so ordained by you that the confusion that has already set in may disappear. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-024 ततः स भगवान्ध्यात्वा चिरं शूलजटाधरः |
MN DUTT: 07-122-023 ततः स भगवान् ध्यात्वा चिरं शूलवरायुधः |
M. N. Dutt: Thus addressed, that foremost of gods, armed with an enormous Shula, thinking for some time, converted his ownself into the form of Punishment. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-025 तस्माच्च धर्मचरणां नीतिं देवीं सरस्वतीम् |
MN DUTT: 07-122-024 तस्माच्च धर्मचरणानीतिर्देवी सरस्वती |
M. N. Dutt: From that form, having Righteousness for its legs, the goddess Sarasvati created Dandaniti (Science of Punishment) which very soon became celebrated all over the world. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-026 भूयः स भगवान्ध्यात्वा चिरं शूलवरायुधः |
MN DUTT: 07-122-025 भूयः स भगवान् ध्यात्वा चिरं शूलवरायुधः |
M. N. Dutt: Thereafter the great god armed with a huge Shula, having again reflected for sometime, appointed a few among the gods as the rulers of their respective classes. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-027 देवानामीश्वरं चक्रे देवं दशशतेक्षणम् |
MN DUTT: 07-122-026 देवानामीश्वरं चक्रे देवं दशशतेक्षणम् |
M. N. Dutt: It was then that he made the divine Indra of a thousand eyes the king of gods. Yama the son of Vivasvat was made the lord of the departed manes. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-028 धनानां रक्षसां चापि कुबेरमपि चेश्वरम् |
MN DUTT: 07-122-027 धनानां राक्षसानां च कुबेरमपि चेश्वरम् |
M. N. Dutt: Kubera was made the lord of riches and of all the Rakshasas. Meru was made the king of the mountains, and Oceans was made the lord of the rivers. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-029 अपां राज्ये सुराणां च विदधे वरुणं प्रभुम् |
MN DUTT: 07-122-028 अर्पा राज्येऽसुराणां च विदधे वरुणं प्रभुम् |
M. N. Dutt: The powerful Varuna was made the lord of the waters and of the Asuras. Death was made the lord of life and of all living creatures, and Fire was made the chief of all things possessed of energy. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-030 रुद्राणामपि चेशानं गोप्तारं विदधे प्रभुः |
MN DUTT: 07-122-029 रुद्राणामपि चेशानं गोप्तारं विदधे प्रभुम् |
M. N. Dutt: The powerful Ishana the great and eternal Mahadeva, of three eyes, was made the king of the Rudras. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-031 वसिष्ठमीशं विप्राणां वसूनां जातवेदसम् |
MN DUTT: 07-122-030 वसिष्ठमीशं विप्राणां वसूनां जातवेदसम् |
M. N. Dutt: Vashishtha was made the king of the Brahmanas, and Jatavedas was made the chief of the Vasus. Surya was made the lord of all luminous bodies and Chandramas was made the lord of Stars and constellations, |
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BORI CE: 12-122-032 वीरुधामंशुमन्तं च भूतानां च प्रभुं वरम् |
MN DUTT: 07-122-031 वीरुधामंशुमन्तं च भूतानां च प्रभुं वरम् |
M. N. Dutt: Anshumat was made the chief of all herbs, and the powerful and foremost of deities, viz., Kumara or Skanda, having twelve arms, was made the lord of all the spirits and ghosts. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-033 कालं सर्वेशमकरोत्संहारविनयात्मकम् |
MN DUTT: 07-122-032 कालं सर्वेशमकरोत् संहारविनयात्मकम् |
M. N. Dutt: Time, containing the seeds of both origin and destruction was made the lord of all creatures, as also of the four parts of Death viz., weapons, diseases, Yama, and acts, and, lastly of grief and joy. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-034 ईश्वरः सर्वदेहस्तु राजराजो धनाधिपः |
MN DUTT: 07-122-033 ईश्वरः सर्वदेवस्तु राजराजो नराधिपः |
M. N. Dutt: The Shrutis say that the great god Mahadeva, the lord of lords, O king, armed with Shula, is the lord of the Rudras. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-035 तमेकं ब्रह्मणः पुत्रमनुजातं क्षुपं ददौ |
MN DUTT: 07-122-034 तमेनं ब्रह्मणः पुत्रमनुजातं क्षुपं ददौ |
M. N. Dutt: The rod of punishment was given to Brahmana's latest-born son, viz., Kshupa, the lord of all creatures and the foremost of the virtuous. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-036 महादेवस्ततस्तस्मिन्वृत्ते यज्ञे यथाविधि |
MN DUTT: 07-122-035 महादेवस्ततस्तस्मिन् वृत्ते यज्ञे यथाविधि |
M. N. Dutt: Upon the completion of that sacrifice according to due rites, Mahadeva after making proper reverence handed over Punishment, that protector of Righteousness, to Vishnu. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-037 विष्णुरङ्गिरसे प्रादादङ्गिरा मुनिसत्तमः |
MN DUTT: 07-122-036 विष्णुरङ्गिरसे प्रादादङ्गिरा मुनिसत्तमः |
M. N. Dutt: Vishnu gave it to Angiras, and Angiras, that foremost of ascetics, handed it over to Indra and Marichi. Marichi gave it to Bhrigu. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-038 भृगुर्ददावृषिभ्यस्तु तं दण्डं धर्मसंहितम् |
MN DUTT: 07-122-037 भृगुर्ददावृषिभ्यस्तु दण्डं धर्मसमाहितम् |
M. N. Dutt: Bhrigu gave that rod intended for the protection of righteousness to all the Rishis. The Rishis gave it to the Regents of the quarters, and the Regents made it over again to Kshupa. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-039 क्षुपस्तु मनवे प्रादादादित्यतनयाय च |
MN DUTT: 07-122-038 क्षुपस्तु मनवे प्रादादादित्यतनयायं च |
M. N. Dutt: Kshupa then handed it over to Manu the son of Surya. The god of Shraddhas (viz., Manu), gave it to his sons for the sake of true righteousness and riches. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-040 विभज्य दण्डः कर्तव्यो धर्मेण न यदृच्छया |
MN DUTT: 07-122-039 विभज्य दण्डः कर्तव्यो धर्मेण न यदृच्छया |
M. N. Dutt: Punishment should be meted out with discrimination, guided by righteousness and not by caprice. It is intended for checking the wicked. Fines and confiscation are intended for creating terror, and not for replenishing the king's treasury. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-041 व्यङ्गत्वं च शरीरस्य वधो वा नाल्पकारणात् |
MN DUTT: 07-122-040 व्यङ्गत्वं च शरीरस्य वधो नाल्पस्य कारणात् |
M. N. Dutt: The wounding of one's body or the infliction of death should not be made for trivial causes. The infliction of physical pain by various means, hurling from tops of mountains, and punishment also, should not be guided by similar causes. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 07-122-041 तं ददौ सूर्यपुत्रस्तु मनुर्वे रक्षणार्थकम् |
M. N. Dutt: Surya's son Manu gave the rod of punishment, (to his sons) for the protection of the world. Punishment in the hands of successive holders, remains awake, protecting all creatures. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-042 आनुपूर्व्या च दण्डोऽसौ प्रजा जागर्ति पालयन् BORI CE: 12-122-043 अग्नेर्जागर्ति वरुणो वरुणाच्च प्रजापतिः BORI CE: 12-122-044 धर्माच्च ब्रह्मणः पुत्रो व्यवसायः सनातनः BORI CE: 12-122-045 ओषध्यस्तेजसस्तस्मादोषधिभ्यश्च पर्वताः BORI CE: 12-122-046 जागर्ति निरृतिर्देवी ज्योतींषि निरृतेरपि BORI CE: 12-122-047 ब्रह्मा पितामहस्तस्माज्जागर्ति प्रभुरव्ययः BORI CE: 12-122-048 विश्वेदेवाः शिवाच्चापि विश्वेभ्यश्च तथर्षयः |
MN DUTT: 07-122-041 तं ददौ सूर्यपुत्रस्तु मनुर्वे रक्षणार्थकम् MN DUTT: 07-122-042 इन्द्रो जागर्ति भगवानिन्द्रादग्निर्विभावसुः |
M. N. Dutt: Surya's son Manu gave the rod of punishment, (to his sons) for the protection of the world. Punishment in the hands of successive holders, remains awake, protecting all creatures. At the top of the ladder, the divine Indra is awake; after him, Agni of burning flames; after him, Varuna; after Varuna; Prajapati; after Prajapati, Righteousness whose essence is restraint; after Righteousness, the son of Brahman, viz., the eternal Law; after Law; Energy is awake, employed in the act of protection; after Energy, the herbs; after the herbs, the mountains; after the mountains, all kinds of juices and their attributes; after these the goddess Nirriti; after Nirriti, the planets and the luminous bodies in heaven; after these, the Vedas; after the Vedas, the powerful form of the Vishnu with the horse head; after him the almighty and eternal grandfather, viz., Brahma; after the grandfather, the divine and blessed Mahadeva; after Mahadeva, the Vishvedevas; after them, the great Rishis; after the Rishis, the divine Soma; after soma; the eternal duties; after the gods, the Brahmanas are awake. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-049 देवेभ्यो ब्राह्मणा लोके जाग्रतीत्युपधारय |
MN DUTT: 07-122-043 ब्राह्मणेभ्यश्च राजन्या लोकान् रक्षन्ति धर्मतः |
M. N. Dutt: After the Brahmanas, the Kshatriyas are piously protecting all creatures. The universe, consisting of mobile and immobile creatures, is kept awake by the Kshatriyas. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-050 प्रजा जाग्रति लोकेऽस्मिन्दण्डो जागर्ति तासु च |
MN DUTT: 07-122-044 प्रजा जागर्ति लोकेऽस्मिन् दण्डो जागर्ति तासु च |
M. N. Dutt: Creatures are kept awake in this world, and Punishment is awake is among them. Effulgent like the Grandfather himself, Punishment keeps together and maintains everything. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-051 जागर्ति कालः पूर्वं च मध्ये चान्ते च भारत BORI CE: 12-122-052 देवदेवः शिवः शर्वो जागर्ति सततं प्रभुः |
MN DUTT: 07-122-045 जागर्ति कालः पूर्वं च मध्ये चान्ते च भारत |
M. N. Dutt: Time, O Bharata, is always awake, in the beginning, the middle, and the end. The lord of all the worlds, the lord of all creatures, the powerful and blessed Mahadeva, the god of gods, is always awake, He passes also by the names Kapardin, Shankara, Rudra, Bhava, Sthanu, and the lord of Uma. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-053 इत्येष दण्डो विख्यात आदौ मध्ये तथावरे |
MN DUTT: 07-122-046 इत्येष दण्डो विख्यात आदौ मध्ये तथावरे |
M. N. Dutt: Thus Punishment also keeps awake in the beginning, the middle and the end. A virtuous king should duly rule, guided by Punishment. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-054 भीष्म उवाच |
MN DUTT: 07-122-047 भीष्म उवाच इतीदं वसुहोमस्य शृणुयाद् यो मतं नरः |
M. N. Dutt: The person who listens to this teaching of Vasuhoma, and having listened to it behaves according to its trend, is sure to acquire the fruition of all his desires. |
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BORI CE: 12-122-055 इति ते सर्वमाख्यातं यो दण्डो मनुजर्षभ |
MN DUTT: 07-122-048 इति ते सर्वमाख्यातं यो दण्डो मनुजर्षभ |
M. N. Dutt: I have now, O foremost of men, told you everything as to who punishment is, that restrainer of the universe which is governed by righteousness. |
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