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Book 12 – Chapter 181
BORI CE: 12-181-001 भृगुरुवाच |
MN DUTT: 08-015-001 भृगुरुवाच असृजद् ब्राह्मणानेव पूर्वं ब्रह्मा प्रजापतीन् |
M. N. Dutt: Bhrigu said Brahman first created a few Brahmanas who passed by the name of Prajapatis (lord of creation). Effulgent like the fire or the Sun, they were created out of the energy of that First-born Being. |
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BORI CE: 12-181-002 ततः सत्यं च धर्मं च तपो ब्रह्म च शाश्वतम् |
MN DUTT: 08-015-002 ततः सत्यं च धर्मं च तपो ब्रह्म च शाश्वतम् |
M. N. Dutt: The powerful Lord then created Truth, Duty, Penance, the eternal Vedas, all sorts of pious deeds, and Purity, for enabling creatures to acquire heaven (by practising them). |
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BORI CE: 12-181-003 देवदानवगन्धर्वदैत्यासुरमहोरगाः BORI CE: 12-181-004 ब्राह्मणाः क्षत्रिया वैश्याः शूद्राश्च द्विजसत्तम |
MN DUTT: 08-015-003 देवदानवगन्धर्वा दैत्यासुरमहोरगाः |
M. N. Dutt: After this, the gods and the Danavas, the Gandharvas, the Daityas, the Asuras, the great snakes, the Yakshas, the Rakshasas, the Serpents, the Pishachas, and mankind with their four divisions, viz., Brahmanas, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras, O foremost of twice-born ones, and all the other orders of creatures, were created. |
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BORI CE: 12-181-005 ब्राह्मणानां सितो वर्णः क्षत्रियाणां तु लोहितः |
MN DUTT: 08-015-004 ब्राह्मणानां सितो वण: क्षत्रियाणां तु लोहितः |
M. N. Dutt: The complexion of the Brahmanas was white; that of the Kshatriyas was red; that of the Vaishyas yellow; and that of the Shudras was black. |
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BORI CE: 12-181-006 भरद्वाज उवाच |
MN DUTT: 08-015-005 भरद्वाज उवाच चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य वर्णेन यदि वर्णो विभिद्यते |
M. N. Dutt: Bharadwaja said If the distinction between the four castes be made by means only of colour, then it seems that all the four orders have been intermixed. |
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BORI CE: 12-181-007 कामः क्रोधो भयं लोभः शोकश्चिन्ता क्षुधा श्रमः |
MN DUTT: 08-015-006 कामः क्रोधो भयं लोभः शोकश्चिन्ता क्षुधा श्रमः |
M. N. Dutt: Lust, anger, fear, cupidity, grief, anxiety, hunger, exhaustion, possess and prevail over all men. How can men be distinguished by the attributes? |
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BORI CE: 12-181-008 स्वेदमूत्रपुरीषाणि श्लेष्मा पित्तं सशोणितम् |
MN DUTT: 08-015-007 स्वेदमूत्रपुरीषाणि श्लेष्मा पित्तं सशोणितम् |
M. N. Dutt: The bodies of all men sweat and puss urine, faeces, phlegm, bile and blood. How then can men be divided into classes? |
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BORI CE: 12-181-009 जङ्गमानामसंख्येयाः स्थावराणां च जातयः |
MN DUTT: 08-015-008 जङ्गमानामसंख्येयाः स्थावराणां च जातयः |
M. N. Dutt: Mobile objects are endless in number; the immobile objects are also innumerable. How then can so many different objects be divided into classes? |
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BORI CE: 12-181-010 भृगुरुवाच |
MN DUTT: 08-015-009 भृगुरुवाच न विशेषोऽस्ति वर्णानां सर्वं ब्राह्ममिदं जगत् |
M. N. Dutt: Bhrigu said There is in fact no distinction between the different castes. The whole world at first consisted of Brahmanas. Created equally by Brahman, men have, on account of their acts, been divided into various castes. |
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BORI CE: 12-181-011 कामभोगप्रियास्तीक्ष्णाः क्रोधनाः प्रियसाहसाः |
MN DUTT: 08-015-010 कामभोगप्रियास्तीक्ष्णा: क्रोधनाः प्रियसाहसाः |
M. N. Dutt: They who found excessive pleasure in enjoyment become possessed of the attributes of harshness and anger, endued with courage, and were unmindful of the works of piety and worship,-those Brahmanas possessing the quality of Darkness, became Kshatriyas. |
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BORI CE: 12-181-012 गोषु वृत्तिं समाधाय पीताः कृष्युपजीविनः |
MN DUTT: 08-015-011 गोभ्यो वृत्तिं समास्थाय पीताः कृष्युपजीविनः |
M. N. Dutt: Those Brahmanas again who, unmindful of the duties laid down for them, became endued with both the qualities of Goodness and Darkness, and follow the professions of cattletending and agriculture, became Vaishyas. |
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BORI CE: 12-181-013 हिंसानृतप्रिया लुब्धाः सर्वकर्मोपजीविनः |
MN DUTT: 08-015-012 हिंसानृतप्रिया लुब्धाः सर्वकर्मोपजीविनः |
M. N. Dutt: Those Brahmanas again who were given to untruth and injuring other creatures possessed of cupidity, performed all sorts of works for their maintenance and had no purity of behaviour, and thus possessed of the quality of Darkness, became Shudras. |
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BORI CE: 12-181-014 इत्येतैः कर्मभिर्व्यस्ता द्विजा वर्णान्तरं गताः |
MN DUTT: 08-015-013 इत्येतैः कर्मभिर्व्यस्ता द्विजा वर्णान्तरं गताः |
M. N. Dutt: Divided by these occupations, Brahınanas, falling away from their own order became members of the other three castes. All the four castes, therefore, have always the right to perform all pious rites and sacrifices. |
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BORI CE: 12-181-015 वर्णाश्चत्वार एते हि येषां ब्राह्मी सरस्वती |
MN DUTT: 08-015-014 इत्येते चतुरो वर्णा येषां ब्राह्मी सरस्वती |
M. N. Dutt: Thus were the four castes at first created equally by Brahman who ordained for all of them the observances described (in the Vedas). Cupidity alone brought about the fall of many, who were possessed by ignorance. |
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BORI CE: 12-181-016 ब्राह्मणा धर्मतन्त्रस्थास्तपस्तेषां न नश्यति |
MN DUTT: 08-015-015 ब्राह्मणा ब्रह्मतन्त्रस्थास्तपस्तेषां न नश्यति |
M. N. Dutt: The Brahmanas are always devoted to the Brahma-scriptures and practising vows and restraints, are capable of understanding Brahima. Their penances, therefore, never prove fruitless. |
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BORI CE: 12-181-017 ब्रह्म चैतत्पुरा सृष्टं ये न जानन्त्यतद्विदः |
MN DUTT: 08-015-016 ब्रह्म चैव परं सृष्टं ये न जानन्ति तेऽद्विजाः |
M. N. Dutt: They amongst them are not Brahmanas who cannot understand that every created thing is Supreme Brahma. These, falling away, became members of various (inferior) castes. |
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BORI CE: 12-181-018 पिशाचा राक्षसाः प्रेता बहुधा म्लेच्छजातयः |
MN DUTT: 08-015-017 पिशाचा राक्षसाः प्रेता विविधा म्लेच्छजातयः |
M. N. Dutt: Destitute of the light of knowledge, living a loose life of dissolution they are born as Pishas and Rakshasas and Ghosts, and as Mleccha tribes. |
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BORI CE: 12-181-019 प्रजा ब्राह्मणसंस्काराः स्वधर्मकृतनिश्चयाः |
MN DUTT: 08-015-018 प्रजा ब्राह्मणपसंस्काराः स्वकर्मकृतनिश्चयाः |
M. N. Dutt: The great Rishis who at the beginning were created (by Brahman's Will) afterwards themselves created, through their penances, men devoted to the duties laid down for them and rites laid down in the Eternal Vedas. |
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BORI CE: 12-181-020 आदिदेवसमुद्भूता ब्रह्ममूलाक्षयाव्यया |
MN DUTT: 08-015-019 आदिदेवसमुद्भूता ब्रह्ममूलाक्षयाव्यया |
M. N. Dutt: That other Creation, however, which is eternal and undecaying, which depends upon Brahma and has originated from the Primeval God, and which has Yoga for its support, is a mental one. |
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