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Book 12 – Chapter 276
BORI CE: 12-276-001 युधिष्ठिर उवाच |
MN DUTT: 08-114-001 युधिष्ठिर उवाच अतत्त्वज्ञस्य शास्त्राणां सततं संशयात्मनः |
M. N. Dutt: Yudhishthira said Tell me, O Grandfather, what is for the behoof of one who is not acquainted with the truths of the scriptures, who is always in doubt, and who abstains from self-control and the other practices the object where of the knowledge of the Soul. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-002 भीष्म उवाच |
MN DUTT: 08-114-002 भीष्म उवाच गुरुपूजा च सततं वृद्धानां पर्युपासनम् |
M. N. Dutt: Bhishma said Adoring the preceptor, always reverentially attending the aged, and listening to the scriptures,-these are said to be of supreme benefit. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-003 अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् |
MN DUTT: 08-114-003 अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् |
M. N. Dutt: Regarding it is cited the old discourse between Galava and the celestial Rishi Narada. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-004 वीतमोहक्लमं विप्रं ज्ञानतृप्तं जितेन्द्रियम् |
MN DUTT: 08-114-004 स्वाश्रमं समनुप्राप्तं नारदं देववर्चसम् |
M. N. Dutt: Once on a time Galava, desirous of securing what was for his behoof, addressed an Narada freed from error and fatigue, well-read in scriptures, pleased with knowledge a thorough master of his senses, and with soul devoted to Yoga, and said |
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BORI CE: 12-276-005 यैः कैश्चित्संमतो लोके गुणैस्तु पुरुषो नृषु |
MN DUTT: 08-114-005 यैः कश्चित् सम्मतो लोके गुणैश्च पुरुषो मुने |
M. N. Dutt: I see, O Ascetic, those virtues by the possession of which a person is respected in the world, live permanently in you. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-006 भवानेवंविधोऽस्माकं संशयं छेत्तुमर्हति |
MN DUTT: 08-114-006 भवानेवंविधोऽस्माकं संशयं छेत्तुमर्हति |
M. N. Dutt: You are freed from error and, therefore, you should remove the doubts that fill the minds of men like ourselves who are subject to error and who are unacquainted with truths of the world. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-007 ज्ञाने ह्येवं प्रवृत्तिः स्यात्कार्याकार्ये विजानतः |
MN DUTT: 08-114-007 ज्ञाने ह्येवं प्रवृत्तिः स्यात् कार्याणामविशेषतः |
M. N. Dutt: We do not know our duties, for the injunctions of the scriptures create inclination for Knowledge simultaneously with the inclination for acts. You should describe these subject to us. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-008 भगवन्नाश्रमाः सर्वे पृथगाचारदर्शिनः |
MN DUTT: 08-114-008 भगवन्नाश्रमाः सर्वे पृथगाचारदर्शिनः |
M. N. Dutt: O illustrious one, the different modes of life approve different courses of conduct,-'This is beneficial,'_'This is beneficial',-the scriptures exhort us often in this way. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-009 तांस्तु विप्रस्थितान्दृष्ट्वा शास्त्रैः शास्त्राभिनन्दिनः |
MN DUTT: 08-114-009 तांस्तु विप्रस्थितान् दृष्ट्वा शास्त्रैः शास्त्राभिनन्दिनः |
M. N. Dutt: Seeing the followers of the four modes of life, who are thus exhorted by the scriptures and who fully approve of what the scriptures have sanctioned for them, Thus travelling in various courses, and beholding that ourselves also are equall; content with our own scriptures, we cannot understand what is truly wholesome. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-010 शास्त्रं यदि भवेदेकं व्यक्तं श्रेयो भवेत्तदा |
MN DUTT: 08-114-010 शास्त्रं यदि भवेदेकं श्रेयो व्यक्तं भवेत् तदा |
M. N. Dutt: If the scriptures were all of one opinion, then what is truly beneficial would have become clear. On account, however, of the scriptures being multifarious, that which is truly beneficial is filled with mystery. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-011 एतस्मात्कारणाच्छ्रेयः कलिलं प्रतिभाति माम् |
MN DUTT: 08-114-011 एतस्मात् कारणाच्छ्रेयः कलिलं प्रतिभाति मे |
M. N. Dutt: For these reasons, that which is truly beneficial, appears to as full of confusion. Do you, then, O illustrious one, describe to me the subject. I have come to you (for this). Instruct me. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-012 नारद उवाच |
MN DUTT: 08-114-012 नारद उवाच आश्रमास्तात चत्वारो यथासंकल्पिताः पृथक् |
M. N. Dutt: The modes of life four in number, O child! All of them serve the object for which they have been designed; and the duties they declare differ from one another. Learning them first from competent preceptor's, reflect upon them, OGalava. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-013 तेषां तेषां तथा हि त्वमाश्रमाणां ततस्ततः |
MN DUTT: 08-114-013 तेषां तेषां तथा हि त्वमाश्रमाणां ततस्ततः |
M. N. Dutt: See, the merits of those modes of life, as described, are varied in their form, divergent in their matter, and contradictory in their observances. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 08-114-014 न यान्ति चैव ते सम्यगभिप्रेतमसंशयम् |
M. N. Dutt: When seen with gross vision, all the Ashramas do not exhibit their true intent! Others, however, having subtle sight, see their highest end. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-014 ऋजु पश्यंस्तथा सम्यगाश्रमाणां परां गतिम् BORI CE: 12-276-015 अनुग्रहं च मित्राणाममित्राणां च निग्रहम् BORI CE: 12-276-016 निवृत्तिः कर्मणः पापात्सततं पुण्यशीलता |
MN DUTT: 08-114-014 न यान्ति चैव ते सम्यगभिप्रेतमसंशयम् MN DUTT: 08-114-015 यत् तु निश्रेयसं सम्यक् तच्चैवासंशयात्मकम् |
M. N. Dutt: When seen with gross vision, all the Ashramas do not exhibit their true intent! Others, however, having subtle sight, see their highest end. That which is truly and, without any doubt, wholesome, viz., good offices to friends, and suppression of enemies, and the acquisition of be supreme the three-fold objects of life, has been described by the wise to excellence. Abstention, from sinful deeds, righteous disposition, good conduct towards the good and pious,-these, forsooth, constitute excellence. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-017 मार्दवं सर्वभूतेषु व्यवहारेषु चार्जवम् |
MN DUTT: 08-114-016 मार्दवं सर्वभूतेषु व्यवहारेषु चार्जवम् |
M. N. Dutt: Mildness towards all creatures, sincerity of conduct, and sweet words,-these, forsooth, constitute excellence. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-018 देवताभ्यः पितृभ्यश्च संविभागोऽतिथिष्वपि |
MN DUTT: 08-114-017 दैवतेभ्यः पितृभ्यश्च संविभागोऽतिथिष्वपि |
M. N. Dutt: A just distribution of one's riches among the gods, the Pitris, and guests, and adherence to servants,—these, forsooth, constitute excellence. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-019 सत्यस्य वचनं श्रेयः सत्यज्ञानं तु दुष्करम् |
MN DUTT: 08-114-018 सत्यस्य वचनं श्रेयः सत्यज्ञानं तु दुष्करम् |
M. N. Dutt: Truthfulness of speech is excellent. The knowledge of truth is, however, every difficult of acquisition. I hold that as truth which is highly beneficial to creatures. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-020 अहंकारस्य च त्यागः प्रणयस्य च निग्रहः |
MN DUTT: 08-114-019 अहंकारस्य च त्यागः प्रमादस्य च निग्रहः |
M. N. Dutt: The absence of pride, the suppression of carelessness, contentment, living by one's own self,-these form the supreme excellence. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-021 धर्मेण वेदाध्ययनं वेदाङ्गानां तथैव च |
MN DUTT: 08-114-020 धर्मेण वेदाध्ययनं वेदान्तानां तथैव च |
M. N. Dutt: The study of the Vedas, and their branches, according to the well-known rules, and all enquiries and pursuits leading to the acquisition of knowledge,-are, forsooth excellent. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-022 शब्दरूपरसस्पर्शान्सह गन्धेन केवलान् |
MN DUTT: 08-114-021 शब्दरूपरसस्पर्शान् सह गन्धेन केवलान् |
M. N. Dutt: One wishing to acquire what is excellent should never enjoy to excess sound and form and taste and touch and scent, and should not enjoy them for their sake alone. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-023 नक्तंचर्या दिवास्वप्नमालस्यं पैशुनं मदम् |
MN DUTT: 08-114-022 नक्तंचर्या दिवास्वप्नमालस्यं पैशुनं मदम् |
M. N. Dutt: Walking in the night, sleep during the day, indulgence in idleness, villainy, pride, excessive indulgence and total abstention from enjoyment in objects of the senses, should be shunned by one desirous of acquiring what is excellent. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-024 कर्मोत्कर्षं न मार्गेत परेषां परिनिन्दया |
MN DUTT: 08-114-023 आत्मोत्कर्षं न मार्गेत परेषां परिनिन्दया |
M. N. Dutt: One should not seek self-elevation by putting down others. Indeed, one should by his merits only seek superiority over persons who are distinguished but never over those who are inferior. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-025 निर्गुणास्त्वेव भूयिष्ठमात्मसंभाविनो नराः |
MN DUTT: 08-114-024 निर्गुणास्त्वेव भूयिष्ठमात्मसम्भाविता नराः |
M. N. Dutt: Men having no real merit and filled with a sense of self-admiration depreciate men of real merit, by mentioning their own virtues and riches. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-026 अनुच्यमानाश्च पुनस्ते मन्यन्ते महाजनात् |
MN DUTT: 08-114-025 अनूच्यमानास्तु पुनस्ते मन्यन्तु महाजनात् |
M. N. Dutt: Puffed up with a sense of their own importance, these men, when none stops them, consider themselves to be superior to men of real distinction. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-027 अब्रुवन्कस्यचिन्निन्दामात्मपूजामवर्णयन् |
MN DUTT: 08-114-026 अब्रुवन् कस्यचिनिन्दामात्मपूजामवर्णयन् |
M. N. Dutt: One having true wisdom and real merits, wins great fame by abstaining from speaking ill of others and from indulging in self-praise. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-028 अब्रुवन्वाति सुरभिर्गन्धः सुमनसां शुचिः |
MN DUTT: 08-114-027 अब्रुवन् वाति सुरभिर्गन्धः सुमनसां शुचिः |
M. N. Dutt: Flowers shed their pure and sweet odour without speaking of their own excellence. Likewise, the effulgent Sun scatters his shining rays in the sky in perfect silence. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-029 एवमादीनि चान्यानि परित्यक्तानि मेधया |
MN DUTT: 08-114-028 एवमादीनि चान्यानि परित्यक्तानि मेधया |
M. N. Dutt: Similarly those men shine in the world with celebrity who by the help of their intelligence, renounce these and similar other faults and who do not blaze forth their own virtues. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-030 न लोके दीप्यते मूर्खः केवलात्मप्रशंसया |
MN DUTT: 08-114-029 न लोके दीप्यते मूर्खः केवलात्मप्रशंसया |
M. N. Dutt: The fool can never shine in the world by speaking out his own praise. The man, however, of real merit and learning acquires celebrity even if he be hidden in a pit. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-031 असन्नुच्चैरपि प्रोक्तः शब्दः समुपशाम्यति |
MN DUTT: 08-114-030 असदुच्चैरपि प्रोक्तः शब्दः समुपशाम्यति |
M. N. Dutt: Evil words, uttered with what strength of voice, die out. Good words, uttered, however softly, shine forth in the world. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-032 मूढानामवलिप्तानामसारं भाषितं बहु |
MN DUTT: 08-114-031 मूढानामवलिप्तानामसारं भाषितं बहु |
M. N. Dutt: As the Sun shows his fiery form so the multitude of words, of little sense, that fools filled with vanity give vent to show their hearts. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-033 एतस्मात्कारणात्प्रज्ञां मृगयन्ते पृथग्विधाम् |
MN DUTT: 08-114-032 एतस्मात् कारणात् प्रज्ञां मृगयन्ते पृथग्विधाम् |
M. N. Dutt: For these reasons men try to acquire wisdom of various sorts. It appears to me that of all acquisitions that of wisdom is the most precious. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-034 नापृष्टः कस्यचिद्ब्रूयान्न चान्यायेन पृच्छतः |
MN DUTT: 08-114-033 नापृष्टः कस्यचिद् ब्रूयान्नाप्यन्यायेन पृच्छतः |
M. N. Dutt: One should not speak until one is asked; nor should one speak when one is asked improperly. Even if endued with intelligence and knowledge, one should still sit in silence like an idiot. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-035 ततो वासं परीक्षेत धर्मनित्येषु साधुषु |
MN DUTT: 08-114-034 ततो वासं परीक्षेत धर्मनित्येषु साधुषु |
M. N. Dutt: One should seek to live among honest men given to righteousness and liberality and the observance of the duties of their own order, |
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BORI CE: 12-276-036 चतुर्णां यत्र वर्णानां धर्मव्यतिकरो भवेत् |
MN DUTT: 08-114-035 चतुर्णां यत्र वर्णानां धर्मव्यतिकरो भवेत् |
M. N. Dutt: One desirous of acquiring what is excellent should never live in a place where people make a confusion of their respective duties. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-037 निरारम्भोऽप्ययमिह यथालब्धोपजीवनः |
MN DUTT: 08-114-036 निरारम्भोऽप्ययमिह यथालब्धोपजीवनः |
M. N. Dutt: A person may be seen to live who abstains from all works and who is well-content with whatever little is gained without exertion. By living amid the righteous, one succeeds in acquiring pure virtue, Similarly one by living amid the sinful, becomes sullied with sin. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-038 अपामग्नेस्तथेन्दोश्च स्पर्शं वेदयते यथा |
MN DUTT: 08-114-037 अपामग्नेस्तथेन्दोश्च स्पर्श वेदयते यथा |
M. N. Dutt: As the touch of water or fire or the rays of the moon immediately carry the sensation of cold or heat, similarly the impressions of virtue and vice create happiness or misery. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-039 अपश्यन्तोऽन्नविषयं भुञ्जते विघसाशिनः |
MN DUTT: 08-114-038 अपश्यन्तोऽनुविषयं भुञ्जते विघसाशिनः |
M. N. Dutt: Those who eat Vighasa eat without marking the flavours of the foods placed before them. They, however, who eat carefully marking the flavours of the duties prepared for them, should be known as persons still fettered by the bonds of action. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-040 यत्रागमयमानानामसत्कारेण पृच्छताम् |
MN DUTT: 08-114-039 यत्रागमयमानानामसत्कारेण पृच्छताम् |
M. N. Dutt: The pious men should leave that place where a Brahmana describes duties to disciples desirous of acquiring knowledge, as based on reasons, of the Soul, but who do not reverentially enquire after such knowledge. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-041 शिष्योपाध्यायिका वृत्तिर्यत्र स्यात्सुसमाहिता |
MN DUTT: 08-114-040 शिष्योपाध्यायिकावृत्तिर्यत्र स्यात् सुसमाहिता |
M. N. Dutt: Who, however, will leave that place where exists fully that conduct between disciples and preceptors which is consistent with what has been sanctioned by the scriptures? |
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BORI CE: 12-276-042 आकाशस्था ध्रुवं यत्र दोषं ब्रूयुर्विपश्चिताम् |
MN DUTT: 08-114-041 आकाशस्था ध्रुवं यत्र दोषं ब्रूयुर्विपश्चिताम् |
M. N. Dutt: What learned man who cares for his respect will live there where people talk about the faults of the learned even when such have no foundations to stand upon? |
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BORI CE: 12-276-043 यत्र संलोडिता लुब्धैः प्रायशो धर्मसेतवः |
MN DUTT: 08-114-042 यत्र संलोडिता लुब्धैः प्रायशो धर्मसेतवः |
M. N. Dutt: Who is there that will not leave that place, like a garment whose end has caught fire, where covetous men tries to break down the limits of virtue? |
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BORI CE: 12-276-044 यत्र धर्ममनाशङ्काश्चरेयुर्वीतमत्सराः |
MN DUTT: 08-114-043 यत्र धर्ममनाशङ्काश्चरेयुर्वीतमत्सराः |
M. N. Dutt: One should remain and live in that place, among good men of pious disposition, where persons possessed of humility are engaged in fearlessly practising the duties of religion. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-045 धर्ममर्थनिमित्तं तु चरेयुर्यत्र मानवाः |
MN DUTT: 08-114-044 धर्ममर्थनिमित्तं च चरेयुर्यत्र मानवाः |
M. N. Dutt: One should not dwell there where men practise the duties of religion for the sake of wealth and other worldly purposes, for the people of that place are all to be considered as sinful. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-046 कर्मणा यत्र पापेन वर्तन्ते जीवितेस्पवः |
MN DUTT: 08-114-045 कर्मणा यत्र पापेन वर्तन्ते जीवितेप्सवः |
M. N. Dutt: One should fly away quickly from that place, as if from a room which there is a snake, where the inhabitants, desirous of acquiring the means of life, are engaged in the practice of sinful deeds. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-047 येन खट्वां समारूढः कर्मणानुशयी भवेत् |
MN DUTT: 08-114-046 येन खट्वां समारूढः कर्मणानुशयी भवेत् |
M. N. Dutt: One desirous of what is wholesome, should, from the beginning, avoid that act for which one becomes stretched, as it were, on a bed of thorns and for which one becomes invested with the desires born of the pristine deeds. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-048 यत्र राजा च राज्ञश्च पुरुषाः प्रत्यनन्तराः |
MN DUTT: 08-114-047 यत्र राजा च राज्ञश्च पुरुषाः प्रत्यनन्तराः |
M. N. Dutt: The pious man should leave that kingdom where the king and the king's officers exercise equal authority and where people eat before feeding their relatives. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-049 श्रोत्रियास्त्वग्रभोक्तारो धर्मनित्याः सनातनाः |
MN DUTT: 08-114-048 श्रोत्रियास्त्वग्रभोक्तारो धर्मनित्याः सनातनाः |
M. N. Dutt: One should live in that country where Brahmanas having a knowledge of the scriptures are fed first; where they always practise religious duties, and where they are engaged in teaching disciples and officiating at the sacrifices of others. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-050 स्वाहास्वधावषट्कारा यत्र सम्यगनुष्ठिताः |
MN DUTT: 08-114-049 स्वाहास्वधावषट्कारा यत्र सम्यगनुष्ठिताः |
M. N. Dutt: One should unhesitatingly live in that country where the sounds Svaha, Svadha, and Vashat are duly and continuously uttered. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-051 अशुचीन्यत्र पश्येत ब्राह्मणान्वृत्तिकर्शितान् |
MN DUTT: 08-114-050 अशुचीन् यत्र पश्येत ब्राह्मणान् वृत्तिकर्शितान् |
M. N. Dutt: One should leave that kingdom, like poisoned meat, where one sees Brahmanas compelled to follow unholy practices, by want of the means of life. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-052 प्रीयमाणा नरा यत्र प्रयच्छेयुरयाचिताः |
MN DUTT: 08-114-051 प्रीयमाणा नरा यत्र प्रयच्छेयुरयाचिताः |
M. N. Dutt: With a contented heart and considering all his wishes as already gratified, a pious man should live in that country whose denizens gladly give away before even they are asked. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-053 दण्डो यत्राविनीतेषु सत्कारश्च कृतात्मसु |
MN DUTT: 08-114-052 दण्डो यत्राविनीतेषु सत्कारश्च कृतात्मसु |
M. N. Dutt: One should live and move about, among good men devoted to pious acts in that country where the wicked are punished, and where respect and good offices are done to those who are of controlled and purified souls. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-054 उपसृष्टेष्वदान्तेषु दुराचारेष्वसाधुषु BORI CE: 12-276-055 यत्र राजा धर्मनित्यो राज्यं वै पर्युपासिता |
MN DUTT: 08-114-053 उपसृष्टेषु दान्तेषु दुराचारेषु साधुषु |
M. N. Dutt: One should unhesitatingly live in that country whose king is given to virtue and which the king rules virtuously, casting off desires and possessed of prosperity, and where severe punishment is inflicted on those who subject self-controlled to the consequences of their anger, on those who treat men treat wickedly the righteous, on those who commit acts of violence, and on the covetious. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-056 तथाशीला हि राजानः सर्वान्विषयवासिनः |
MN DUTT: 08-114-054 यथाशीला हि राजानः सर्वान् विषयवासिनः |
M. N. Dutt: Kings endued with such a disposition, secure the prosperity of those who live in their kingdoms when prosperity is on the point of leaving them. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-057 पृच्छतस्ते मया तात श्रेय एतदुदाहृतम् |
MN DUTT: 08-114-055 पृच्छतस्ते मया तात श्रेय एतदुदाहृतम् |
M. N. Dutt: I have thus told you, O son, in answer to you enquiry, what is beneficial or excellent. No one can describe, on account of its exceedingly high character, what is beneficial or excellent for the Soul. |
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BORI CE: 12-276-058 एवं प्रवर्तमानस्य वृत्तिं प्रणिहितात्मनः |
MN DUTT: 08-114-056 एवं प्रवर्तमानस्य वृत्तिं प्राणिहितात्मनः |
M. N. Dutt: Many and high will the excellences be, through the performance of the duties laid down for his, of the man who for earning his livelihood during the time of his stay in this world, acts in the way indicated above and who devotes his soul to the well-being of creatures. |
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