Mahabharata - Book 13

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Book 13 – Chapter 112

BORI CE: 13-112-001

युधिष्ठिर उवाच
पितामह महाबाहो सर्वशास्त्रविशारद
श्रोतुमिच्छामि मर्त्यानां संसारविधिमुत्तमम्

MN DUTT: 09-111-001

युधिष्ठिर उवाच पितामहं महाप्राज्ञ सर्वशास्त्रविशारद
श्रोतुमिच्छामि मानां संसारविधिमुत्तमम्

M. N. Dutt: Yudhishthira said o grandfather, O greatly wise one, conversant with all the scriptures, I wish to know those excellent ordinances by which mortals have to travel through their rounds of rebirth.

BORI CE: 13-112-002

केन वृत्तेन राजेन्द्र वर्तमाना नरा युधि
प्राप्नुवन्त्युत्तमं स्वर्गं कथं च नरकं नृप

MN DUTT: 09-111-002

केन वृत्तेन राजेन्द्र वर्तमाना नरा भुवि
प्राप्नुवन्त्युत्तमं स्वर्गे कथं च नरकं नृप

M. N. Dutt: What is that conduct by following which O king, men succeed in acquiring high heaven and what is that conduct by which one sinks in Hell?

BORI CE: 13-112-003

मृतं शरीरमुत्सृज्य काष्ठलोष्टसमं जनाः
प्रयान्त्यमुं लोकमितः को वै ताननुगच्छति

MN DUTT: 09-111-003

M. N. Dutt: When renouncing the dead body that is as inert as a piece of wood or clod of earth people proceed to the other world, what are those which follow them there?

BORI CE: 13-112-004

भीष्म उवाच
असावायाति भगवान्बृहस्पतिरुदारधीः
पृच्छैनं सुमहाभागमेतद्गुह्यं सनातनम्

MN DUTT: 09-111-004

भीष्म उवाच अयमायाति भगवान् बृहस्पतिरुदारधीः
पृच्छैनं सुमहाभागमेतद् गुह्यं सनातनम्

M. N. Dutt: Bhishma said Yonder comes the illustrious and highly intelligent Brihaspati. Do you ask his blessed self. The subject is an eternal mystery.

BORI CE: 13-112-005

नैतदन्येन शक्यं हि वक्तुं केनचिदद्य वै
वक्ता बृहस्पतिसमो न ह्यन्यो विद्यते क्वचित्

MN DUTT: 09-111-005

नैतदन्येन शक्यं हि वक्तुं केनचिदद्य वै
वक्ता बृहस्पति समो न ह्यन्यो विद्यते क्वचित्

M. N. Dutt: None else is capable of explaining the matter. There is no speaker like Brihaspati.

BORI CE: 13-112-006

वैशंपायन उवाच
तयोः संवदतोरेवं पार्थगाङ्गेययोस्तदा
आजगाम विशुद्धात्मा भगवान्स बृहस्पतिः

MN DUTT: 09-111-006

वैशम्पायन उवाच तयोः संवदतोरेवं पार्थमाङ्गेययोस्तदा
आजगाम विशुद्धद्वात्मा नाकपृष्ठाद् बृहस्पतिः

M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said While the son of Pritha and the son of Ganga were thus conversing with each other, there came at the spot from the sky the illustrious Brihaspati of purified soul.

BORI CE: 13-112-007

ततो राजा समुत्थाय धृतराष्ट्रपुरोगमः
पूजामनुपमां चक्रे सर्वे ते च सभासदः

MN DUTT: 09-111-007

ततो राजा समुत्थाय धृतराष्ट्रपुरोगमः
पूजामनुपमा चक्रे सर्वे ते च सभासदः

M. N. Dutt: King Yudhishthira, and all others, headed by Dhritarashtra, stood up and received Brihaspati with proper honours. Excellent was the worship they offered to the preceptor of the celestials.

BORI CE: 13-112-008

ततो धर्मसुतो राजा भगवन्तं बृहस्पतिम्
उपगम्य यथान्यायं प्रश्नं पप्रच्छ सुव्रतः

MN DUTT: 09-111-008

ततो धर्मसुतो राजा भगवन्तं बृहस्पतिम्
उपगम्य यथान्यायं प्रश्न पप्रच्छ तत्त्वतः

M. N. Dutt: Then approaching the illustrious Brihaspati, Dharma's royal son, Yudhishthira, asked him the question in proper form, desirous of knowing the truth.

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-009

युधिष्ठिर उवाच भगवन् सर्वधर्मज्ञ सर्वशास्त्रविशारद

M. N. Dutt: Yudhishthira said O illustrious one, you are conversant with all duties and all the scriptures. Do you tell me what is truly the friend of mortal creatures?

BORI CE: 13-112-009

युधिष्ठिर उवाच
भगवन्सर्वधर्मज्ञ सर्वशास्त्रविशारद
मर्त्यस्य कः सहायो वै पिता माता सुतो गुरुः

BORI CE: 13-112-010

मृतं शरीरमुत्सृज्य काष्ठलोष्टसमं जनाः
गच्छन्त्यमुत्रलोकं वै क एनमनुगच्छति

MN DUTT: 09-111-009

युधिष्ठिर उवाच भगवन् सर्वधर्मज्ञ सर्वशास्त्रविशारद

MN DUTT: 09-111-010

मर्त्यस्य कः सहायो वै पिता माता सुतो गुरुः
ज्ञातिसम्बन्धिवर्गश्च मित्रवर्गस्तथैव च
मृतं शरीरमुत्सृज्य काष्ठलोष्टसमं जनाः

MN DUTT: 09-111-011

बृहस्पतिरुवाच गच्छन्त्यमुत्र लोकं वै क एनमनुगच्छति
एकः प्रसूयते राजन्नेक एव विनश्यति

M. N. Dutt: Yudhishthira said O illustrious one, you are conversant with all duties and all the scriptures. Do you tell me what is truly the friend of mortal creatures? Is the father, or mother, or son, or preceptor, or kinsmen, or relatives, or those called friends, that may be said to truly form the friend of a mortal creature? One goes to the next world, leaving his dead body that is like a piece of wood or a clod of earth. Who is it that follows him there? Brihaspati said One is born alone, o king, and one dies alone; one crosses alone the difficulties one meets with, and one alone meets whatever misery falls to his lot.

BORI CE: 13-112-011

बृहस्पतिरुवाच
एकः प्रसूतो राजेन्द्र जन्तुरेको विनश्यति
एकस्तरति दुर्गाणि गच्छत्येकश्च दुर्गतिम्

Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version.

Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version.

BORI CE: 13-112-012

असहायः पिता माता तथा भ्राता सुतो गुरुः
ज्ञातिसंबन्धिवर्गश्च मित्रवर्गस्तथैव च

BORI CE: 13-112-013

मृतं शरीरमुत्सृज्य काष्ठलोष्टसमं जनाः
मुहूर्तमुपतिष्ठन्ति ततो यान्ति पराङ्मुखाः
तैस्तच्छरीरमुत्सृष्टं धर्म एकोऽनुगच्छति

MN DUTT: 09-111-010

MN DUTT: 09-111-012

धर्म:सहायश्च एकस्तरति दुर्गाणि गच्छत्येकस्तु दुर्गतिम्
असहाय: पिता माता तथा भ्राता सुतो गुरुः
ज्ञातिसम्बन्धिवर्गश्च मित्रवर्गस्तथैव च
मृतं शरीरमुत्सृज्य काष्ठलोष्टसमं जनाः
मुहूर्तमिव रोदित्वा ततो यान्ति पराङ्मुखः

MN DUTT: 09-111-013

तैस्तच्छरीरमुत्सृष्टं धर्म एकोऽनुगच्छति
तस्माद् सेवितव्यः सदा नृभिः

M. N. Dutt: Is the father, or mother, or son, or preceptor, or kinsmen, or relatives, or those called friends, that may be said to truly form the friend of a mortal creature? One goes to the next world, leaving his dead body that is like a piece of wood or a clod of earth. Who is it that follows him there? One has really no companion in these deeds. The father the mother, the brother, the son the preceptor kinsmen, relatives and friends, leaving the dead body as if it were a piece of wood or a clod of earth, after having mourned for only a moment, all turn away from it and mind their own affairs. Only virtue follows the body that is thus left by them all. It is therefore, plain, that virtue is the only friend and that virtues only should be sought by all.

BORI CE: 13-112-014

तस्माद्धर्मः सहायार्थे सेवितव्यः सदा नृभिः
प्राणी धर्मसमायुक्तो गच्छते स्वर्गतिं पराम्
तथैवाधर्मसंयुक्तो नरकायोपपद्यते

MN DUTT: 09-111-014

प्राणी धर्मसमायुक्तो गच्छेत् स्वर्गगतिं पराम्
तथैवाधर्मसंयुक्तो नरकं चोपपद्यते

M. N. Dutt: A virtuous man would acquire that high end which is formed by Heaven. If sinful he goes to hell.

BORI CE: 13-112-015

तस्मान्न्यायागतैरर्थैर्धर्मं सेवेत पण्डितः
धर्म एको मनुष्याणां सहायः पारलौकिकः

MN DUTT: 09-111-015

तस्मान्यायागतैरथैर्धर्मे सेवेत पण्डितः
धर्म एको मनुष्याणां सहाय: परिलौकिकः

M. N. Dutt: Hence, an intelligent man should always seek to acquire virtue through wealth acquired by fair means. Virtue is the one only friend whichcrcatures have in the next world.

BORI CE: 13-112-016

लोभान्मोहादनुक्रोशाद्भयाद्वाप्यबहुश्रुतः
नरः करोत्यकार्याणि परार्थे लोभमोहितः

MN DUTT: 09-111-016

लोभान्मोहादनुक्रोशाद् भयाद् वाप्यबहुश्रुतः
नरः करोत्यकार्याणि परार्थं लोभमोहितः

M. N. Dutt: Moved by cupidity, or stupefaction, or mercy, or fear, one shorn of knowledge is seen to do unfair deeds, for sake of even another, his judgement thus stupefied by cupidity.

BORI CE: 13-112-017

धर्मश्चार्थश्च कामश्च त्रितयं जीविते फलम्
एतत्त्रयमवाप्तव्यमधर्मपरिवर्जितम्

MN DUTT: 09-111-017

धर्मश्चार्थश्च कामश्च त्रितयं जीविते फलम्
एतत् त्रयमवाप्तव्ययधर्मपरिवर्जितम्

M. N. Dutt: Virtue, wealth, and pleasure, these three form the fruit of life. Onc should win these three by means of being free from impropriety and sin.

BORI CE: 13-112-018

युधिष्ठिर उवाच
श्रुतं भगवतो वाक्यं धर्मयुक्तं परं हितम्
शरीरविचयं ज्ञातुं बुद्धिस्तु मम जायते

MN DUTT: 09-111-018

युधिष्ठिर उवाच श्रुतं भगवतो वाक्यं धर्मयुक्तं परं हितम्
शरीरनिचयं ज्ञातुं बुद्धिस्तु मम जायते

M. N. Dutt: Yudhishthira said I have carefully heard the words spoken by your illustrious self, these words that are fraught with virtue, and that are highly beneficial, I wish now to know of the state of the body (after death.)

BORI CE: 13-112-019

मृतं शरीररहितं सूक्ष्ममव्यक्ततां गतम्
अचक्षुर्विषयं प्राप्तं कथं धर्मोऽनुगच्छति

MN DUTT: 09-111-019

मृतं शरीर हि नृणां सूक्ष्ममव्यक्ततां गतम्
अचक्षुर्विषयं प्राप्तं कथं धर्मोऽनुगच्छति

M. N. Dutt: The dead body of man becomes subtile and unmanifest. It becomes invisible. How is it possible for virtue to follow it?

BORI CE: 13-112-020

बृहस्पतिरुवाच
पृथिवी वायुराकाशमापो ज्योतिश्च पञ्चमम्
बुद्धिरात्मा च सहिता धर्मं पश्यन्ति नित्यदा

BORI CE: 13-112-021

प्राणिनामिह सर्वेषां साक्षिभूतानि चानिशम्
एतैश्च स ह धर्मोऽपि तं जीवमनुगच्छति

MN DUTT: 09-111-020

बृहस्पतिरुवाच पृथिवी वायुराकाशमापो ज्योतिर्मनोऽन्तगः
बुद्धिरात्मा च सहिता धर्मं पश्यन्ति नित्यदा
प्राणिनामिह सर्वेषां साक्षिभूता निशानिशम्
एतैश्च सह धर्मोऽपि तं जीवमनुगच्छति

M. N. Dutt: Brihaspati said Earth, Wind Ether, Water, Light, mind, Yama (the king of the dead), Understanding, the soul, as also day and Night, all together witness the merits of all living creatures. With these, virtue follows the creature (When dead.)

BORI CE: 13-112-022

त्वगस्थिमांसं शुक्रं च शोणितं च महामते
शरीरं वर्जयन्त्येते जीवितेन विवर्जितम्

MN DUTT: 09-111-021

त्वगस्थिमांसं शुक्रं च शोणितं च महामते

M. N. Dutt: When the body becomes bereft of life, skin, bones flesh, the vital seed, and blood, leave it simultaneously.

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-022

ततो धर्मसमायुक्तः प्राप्नुते जीव एव हि
ततोऽस्य कर्म पश्यन्ति शुभं वा यदि वाशुभम्
देवताः पञ्चभूतस्थाः किं भूयः श्रोतुमिच्छसि

M. N. Dutt: Gifted with merit (and demerit) individual soul (after the destruction of this body) comes by another body. After the attainment by individual soul of that body the presiding deities of the five elements once more witness all his deeds, good and bad.

BORI CE: 13-112-023

ततो धर्मसमायुक्तः स जीवः सुखमेधते
इह लोके परे चैव किं भूयः कथयामि ते

MN DUTT: 09-111-023

ततो धर्मसमायुक्तः स जीव: सुखमेधते
इहलोके परे चैव किं भूयः कथयामि ते

M. N. Dutt: What else do you wish to hear? If gifted with virtue, individual soul enjoys happiness. What other subject, belonging to this or the other world shall I describe to you?

BORI CE: 13-112-024

युधिष्ठिर उवाच
अनुदर्शितं भगवता यथा धर्मोऽनुगच्छति
एतत्तु ज्ञातुमिच्छामि कथं रेतः प्रवर्तते

MN DUTT: 09-111-024

युधिष्ठिर उवाच तद् दर्शितं भगवता यथा धर्मोऽनुगच्छति
एतत् तु ज्ञातमिच्छामि कथं रेतः प्रवर्तते

M. N. Dutt: Yudhishthira said Your illustrious self has explained how virtuc follows individual soul. I wish to know how the vital seed is originated.

BORI CE: 13-112-025

बृहस्पतिरुवाच
अन्नमश्नन्ति ये देवाः शरीरस्था नरेश्वर
पृथिवी वायुराकाशमापो ज्योतिर्मनस्तथा

BORI CE: 13-112-026

ततस्तृप्तेषु राजेन्द्र तेषु भूतेषु पञ्चसु
मनःषष्ठेषु शुद्धात्मन्रेतः संपद्यते महत्

MN DUTT: 09-111-025

बृहस्पति रुवाच अन्नमश्नन्ति यद् देवाः शरीरस्था नरेश्वर
पृथिवी वायुराकाशमापो ज्योतिर्मनस्तथा
ततस्तृप्तेषु राजेन्द्र तेषु भूतेषु पञ्चसु
मनःषष्ठेषु शुद्धात्मन् रेतः सम्पद्यते महत्

M. N. Dutt: Brihaspati said The food that these gods, O king, who live in the body viz Earth, Wind, Ether, Water, Light and Mind, cat, pleases them. When those five elements become pleased, O monarch with Mind numbering as their sixth, their vital seed then becomes generated, O you of purified Soul.

BORI CE: 13-112-027

ततो गर्भः संभवति स्त्रीपुंसोः पार्थ संगमे
एतत्ते सर्वमाख्यातं किं भूयः श्रोतुमिच्छसि

Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version.

Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version.

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-026

ततो गर्भ: सम्भवति श्लेषात् स्त्रीपुंसयोर्नृप
भूयः किं श्रोतुमिच्छसि

M. N. Dutt: When an act of union takes place between male and female, the vital seed comes out and causes conception. I have thus explained to you what you had asked. When else do you wish to hear.

BORI CE: 13-112-028

युधिष्ठिर उवाच
आख्यातमेतद्भवता गर्भः संजायते यथा
यथा जातस्तु पुरुषः प्रपद्यति तदुच्यताम्

MN DUTT: 09-111-027

युधिष्ठिर उवाच आख्यातं मे भगवता गर्भः संजायते यथा
यथा जातस्तु पुरुषः प्रपद्यति तदुच्यताम्

M. N. Dutt: Yudhishthira said You have, O illustrious one, said how conception takes piace. Do you explain how the individual soul that takes birth, grows.

BORI CE: 13-112-029

बृहस्पतिरुवाच
आसन्नमात्रः सततं तैर्भूतैरभिभूयते
विप्रमुक्तश्च तैर्भूतैः पुनर्यात्यपरां गतिम्
स तु भूतसमायुक्तः प्राप्नुते जीव एव ह

MN DUTT: 09-111-028

बृहस्पतिरुवाच एतत् ते सर्वमाख्यातं आसन्नमात्रः पुरुषस्तैर्भूतैरभिभूयते
विप्रयुक्तश्च तैर्भूतैः पुनर्यात्यपरां गतिम्
सर्वभूतसमायुक्तः प्राप्नुते जीव एव हि

M. N. Dutt: Brihaspati said As soon as individual soul enters the vital seed, he becomes overwhelmed by the elements already mentioned. When individual soul become disunited therewith, he is said to attain to the other end (viz., death).

BORI CE: 13-112-030

ततोऽस्य कर्म पश्यन्ति शुभं वा यदि वाशुभम्
देवताः पञ्चभूतस्थाः किं भूयः श्रोतुमिच्छसि

MN DUTT: 09-111-029

ततोऽस्य कर्म पश्यन्ति शुभं वा यदि वाशुभम्
देवताः पञ्चभूतस्था: किं भूयः श्रोतुमिच्छसि

M. N. Dutt: Gifted with these elements, the individual soul comes by a body. The deities that preside over those elements, witness all his deeds, good and bad. What else do you wish to hear.

BORI CE: 13-112-031

युधिष्ठिर उवाच
त्वगस्थिमांसमुत्सृज्य तैश्च भूतैर्विवर्जितः
जीवः स भगवन्क्वस्थः सुखदुःखे समश्नुते

MN DUTT: 09-111-030

युधिष्ठिर उवाच त्वगस्थिमांसमुत्सृज्य तैश्च भूतैर्विवर्जितः
जीवःस भगवन् क्वस्थः सुखदुःखे समश्नुते

M. N. Dutt: Yudhishthira said Living off skin, bone and flesh, and becoming destitute of all those elements, in what does individual soul reside, O illustrious one, for enjoying and suffering happiness and imisery?

BORI CE: 13-112-032

बृहस्पतिरुवाच
जीवो धर्मसमायुक्तः शीघ्रं रेतस्त्वमागतः
स्त्रीणां पुष्पं समासाद्य सूते कालेन भारत

MN DUTT: 09-111-031

बृहस्पतिरुवाच जीवः कर्मसमायुक्तः शीघ्रं रेतस्त्वमागतः
स्त्रीणां पुष्पं समासाद्य सूते काले भारत

M. N. Dutt: Brihaspati said Endued with all his acts, individual soul quickly enters the vital seed, and availing of the menstrual flow of women, takes birth in time, O Bharata.

BORI CE: 13-112-033

यमस्य पुरुषैः क्लेशं यमस्य पुरुषैर्वधम्
दुःखं संसारचक्रं च नरः क्लेशं च विन्दति

MN DUTT: 09-111-032

यमस्य पुरुषैः क्लेशं यमस्य पुरुषैर्वधम्
दुःखं संसारचक्रं च नरः क्लेशं स विन्दति

M. N. Dutt: After birth individual soul receives woe and death from the messengers of Yama. Indeed, he goes through misery and a painful round of rebirth.

BORI CE: 13-112-034

इहलोके च स प्राणी जन्मप्रभृति पार्थिव
स्वकृतं कर्म वै भुङ्क्ते धर्मस्य फलमाश्रितः

MN DUTT: 09-111-033

इहलोके च स प्राणी जन्मप्रभृति पार्थिव
सुकृतं कर्म वै भुक्ते धर्मस्य फलमाश्रितः

M. N. Dutt: Endued with life, O king, individual soul in this world, from the moment of his birth, enjoys and suffers his own (pristine deeds), depending upon virtue (and its reverse).

BORI CE: 13-112-035

यदि धर्मं यथाशक्ति जन्मप्रभृति सेवते
ततः स पुरुषो भूत्वा सेवते नित्यदा सुखम्

MN DUTT: 09-111-034

यदि धर्म यथाशक्ति जन्मप्रभृति सेवते
ततः स पुरुषो भूत्वा सेवते नित्यदा सुखम्

M. N. Dutt: If individual soul according to the best of his power, follows virtue from the day of his birth, he them succeeds in enjoying uninterruptedly, when reborn, happiness.

BORI CE: 13-112-036

अथान्तरा तु धर्मस्य अधर्ममुपसेवते
सुखस्यानन्तरं दुःखं स जीवोऽप्यधिगच्छति

MN DUTT: 09-111-035

अथान्तरा तु धर्मस्पाप्यधर्ममुपसेवते
सुखस्यानन्तरं दुःखं स जीवोऽप्यधिगच्छति

M. N. Dutt: If, on the other hand, without following virtue without interruption, he acts sinfully, he reaps happiness at first as the reward of his virtue and suffers misery after that.

BORI CE: 13-112-037

अधर्मेण समायुक्तो यमस्य विषयं गतः
महद्दुःखं समासाद्य तिर्यग्योनौ प्रजायते

MN DUTT: 09-111-036

अधर्मेण समायुक्तो यमस्य विषयं गतः
महद् दुःखं समासाद्य तिर्यग्योनौ प्रजायते

M. N. Dutt: Endued with sin, individual soul has to go the dominions of Yama and suffering great misery there he has to take birth in an intermediate order of being.

BORI CE: 13-112-038

कर्मणा येन येनेह यस्यां योनौ प्रजायते
जीवो मोहसमायुक्तस्तन्मे निगदतः शृणु

BORI CE: 13-112-039

यदेतदुच्यते शास्त्रे सेतिहासे सच्छन्दसि
यमस्य विषयं घोरं मर्त्यो लोकः प्रपद्यते

MN DUTT: 09-111-037

कर्मणा येन येनेह यस्यां योनौ प्रजायते
जीवो मोहसमायुक्तस्तन्मे निगदतः शृणु
यदेतदुच्यते शास्त्रे सेतिहासे च च्छन्दसि
यमस्य विषयं घोरं मया लोकः प्रपद्यते

M. N. Dutt: Listen to me as I tell you, what the different acts are by doing which individuals soul, Stupefied by folly, has to take birth in different orders of being, as declared in the Vedas, the scriptures, and the histories, Mortals have to go to the dreadful regions of Yama.

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-038

इह स्थानानि पुण्यानि देवतुल्यानि भूपते
तिर्यग्योन्यतिरिक्तानि गतिमन्ति च सर्वशः

M. N. Dutt: There are, again, places in those regions that are worse than those which are occupied by animals and birds. In those regions, O king there are places which are fraught with every merit and which are worthy on that account of being the habitations of the very celestials.

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-039

यमस्य भवने दिव्ये ब्रह्मलोकसमे गुणैः
कर्मभिर्नियतैर्बद्धो जन्तुर्दुःखान्युपाश्नुते

M. N. Dutt: Creatures, fettered by their deeds, suffer various kinds of misery. Indeed, there are places of these kinds in the abode of Yama which is equal to the region of Brahman himself in merits.

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-040

येन येन तु भावेन कर्मणा पुरुषो गतिम्
प्रयाति परुषां घोरां तत्ते वक्ष्याम्यत: परम्

M. N. Dutt: If a twice born person having studied the four Vedas, becomes stupefied by folly and accepts a gift from a fallen man, he has then 10 take birth in the order of asses.

BORI CE: 13-112-040

अधीत्य चतुरो वेदान्द्विजो मोहसमन्वितः
पतितात्प्रतिगृह्याथ खरयोनौ प्रजायते

MN DUTT: 09-111-041

अधीत्य चतुरो वेदान् द्विजो मोहसमन्वितः
पतितात् प्रतिगृह्याथ खरयोनौ प्रजायते

M. N. Dutt: I shall after this tell you what those acts and dispositions are on account of which a person acquires an end that is fraught with great misery and terror.

BORI CE: 13-112-041

खरो जीवति वर्षाणि दश पञ्च च भारत
खरो मृतो बलीवर्दः सप्त वर्षाणि जीवति

MN DUTT: 09-111-042

खरो जीवति वर्षाणि दस पञ्च च भारत
खरो मृतो बलीवर्दः सप्त वर्षाणि जीवति

M. N. Dutt: He has to live as an ass for fifteen years, Shaking off his assinine form, he has next to take birth as an ox and which state he has to live for seven years.

BORI CE: 13-112-042

बलीवर्दो मृतश्चापि जायते ब्रह्मराक्षसः
ब्रह्मरक्षस्तु त्रीन्मासांस्ततो जायति ब्राह्मणः

MN DUTT: 09-111-043

बलीवर्दो मृतश्चापि जायते ब्रह्मराक्षसः
ब्रह्मरक्षश्च मासांस्त्रीस्ततो जायति ब्राह्मणः

M. N. Dutt: Throwing off his bovine forın, he has next to take birth as a Rakshasa of the twice born order. Living as a Rakshasa of the twice born order for three months, he then regains his status of a Brahmana.

BORI CE: 13-112-043

पतितं याजयित्वा तु कृमियोनौ प्रजायते
तत्र जीवति वर्षाणि दश पञ्च च भारत

MN DUTT: 09-111-044

पतितं याजयित्वा तु कृतियोनौ प्रजायते
तत्र जीवति वर्षाणि दश पञ्च च भारत

M. N. Dutt: A Brahmana, by officiating at the sacrifice of a degraded person, has to take birth as a vile worm. In this form he has to live for fifteen years, O Bharata.

BORI CE: 13-112-044

कृमिभावात्प्रमुक्तस्तु ततो जायति गर्दभः
गर्दभः पञ्च वर्षाणि पञ्च वर्षाणि सूकरः
श्वा वर्षमेकं भवति ततो जायति मानवः

MN DUTT: 09-111-045

कृमिभावाद् विमुक्तस्तु ततो जायति गर्दभः
गर्दभः पञ्च वर्षाणि पञ्च वर्षाणि सूकरः

M. N. Dutt: Freed from his worm birth, he is next born as an ass. As an ass he has to live for five years, and then as a hog, in which state also he has to reinain for as many years.

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-046

कुक्कुटः पञ्च वर्षाणि पञ्च वर्षाणि जम्बुकः
श्रा वर्षमेकं भवति ततो जायति मानवः

M. N. Dutt: After that he is born as a cock, and living for five years in that form, he is born as a jackal and lives for as many years in that state. He is then born as a dog, and living thus for a ycar he regains his manhood.

BORI CE: 13-112-045

उपाध्यायस्य यः पापं शिष्यः कुर्यादबुद्धिमान्
स जीव इह संसारांस्त्रीनाप्नोति न संशयः

MN DUTT: 09-111-047

M. N. Dutt: That foolish disciple who offends his preceptor by injuring him, has certainly to undergo three changes in this world.

BORI CE: 13-112-046

प्राक्श्वा भवति राजेन्द्र ततः क्रव्यात्ततः खरः
ततः प्रेतः परिक्लिष्टः पश्चाज्जायति ब्राह्मणः

MN DUTT: 09-111-048

प्राश्वा भवति राजेन्द्र ततः क्रव्यात्ततः खरः
ततः प्रेतः परिक्लिष्टः पश्चाज्जायति ब्राह्मणः

M. N. Dutt: Such a person, o king, has in the first instance to become a dog. He has then to become a beast of prey, and then an ass. Living his assinine form he has to wander for sometime in great, misery as a spirit. After the expiration of that time, he is born as a Brahmana.

BORI CE: 13-112-047

मनसापि गुरोर्भार्यां यः शिष्यो याति पापकृत्
सोऽधमान्याति संसारानधर्मेणेह चेतसा

MN DUTT: 09-111-049

मनसापि गुरोर्भार्यां यः शिष्यो याति पापकृत्
स उग्रान् प्रैति संसारानधर्मेणेह चेतसा

M. N. Dutt: That sinful disciple who even in thought knows the wife of his preceptor, has, on account of such a sinful heart, to undergo many dreadful shapes in this world.

BORI CE: 13-112-048

श्वयोनौ तु स संभूतस्त्रीणि वर्षाणि जीवति
तत्रापि निधनं प्राप्तः कृमियोनौ प्रजायते

MN DUTT: 09-111-050

वयोनौ तु स सम्भूतस्त्रीणि वर्षाणि जीवति
तत्रापि निधनं प्राप्तः कृमियोनौ प्रजायते

M. N. Dutt: First taking birth in the canine order he has to live for three years. Throwing off the canine forin when death comes, he is born as a vile vermin.

BORI CE: 13-112-049

कृमिभावमनुप्राप्तो वर्षमेकं स जीवति
ततस्तु निधनं प्राप्य ब्रह्मयोनौ प्रजायते

MN DUTT: 09-111-051

कृमिभावमनुप्राप्तो वर्षमेकं तु जीवति
ततस्तु निधनं प्राप्तो ब्रह्मयोनौ प्रजायते

M. N. Dutt: In this form he has to live for a year. Renouncing that form he succeeds in regaining his status as a human being of the twice born order.

BORI CE: 13-112-050

यदि पुत्रसमं शिष्यं गुरुर्हन्यादकारणे
आत्मनः कामकारेण सोऽपि हंसः प्रजायते

MN DUTT: 09-111-052

यदि पुत्रसमं शिष्यं गुरुर्हन्यादकारणे
आत्मनः कामकारेण सोऽपि हिंस्रः प्रजायते

M. N. Dutt: If the preceptor kills, without reason, his disciple who is even as a son to him, he has on account of such a wilful deed of sin on his part, to take birth as a beast of prey.

BORI CE: 13-112-051

पितरं मातरं वापि यस्तु पुत्रोऽवमन्यते
सोऽपि राजन्मृतो जन्तुः पूर्वं जायति गर्दभः

MN DUTT: 09-111-053

पितरं मातरं चैव यस्तु पुत्रोऽवमन्यते
सोऽपि राजन् मृतो जन्तुः पूर्वं जायेत गर्दभः

M. N. Dutt: That son who disregards his father and mother, O king, is born after renouncing his human form as an ass.

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-054

गर्दभत्वं तु सम्प्राप्य दशवर्षाणि जीवति
संवत्सरं तु कुम्भीरस्ततो जायेत मानवः

M. N. Dutt: Assuming the assinine form he has to live for ten years. After that he is born as a crocodile, in which form he has to live for a year. After that he regains the human forin.

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-055

पुत्रस्य मातापितरौ यस्य रुष्टावुभावपि
गुर्वपध्यानतः सोऽपि मृतो जायति गर्दभः

M. N. Dutt: That son with whom his parents become angry has on account of his evil thoughts towards them, to take birth as an ass.

BORI CE: 13-112-052

खरो जीवति मासांस्तु दश श्वा च चतुर्दश
बिडालः सप्त मासांस्तु ततो जायति मानवः

MN DUTT: 09-111-056

खरो जीवति मासांस्तु दश श्वा च चतुर्दश
बिडालः सप्तमासांस्तु ततो जायति मानवः

M. N. Dutt: As an ass he has to live for ten months. He is next born as a dog and has to remain as such for fourteen months. After that he is born as a cat and living in that form for seven months he regains his human form.

BORI CE: 13-112-053

मातापितरमाक्रुश्य सारिकः संप्रजायते
ताडयित्वा तु तावेव जायते कच्छपो नृप

MN DUTT: 09-111-057

मातापितरावाश्य सारिकः सम्प्रजायते
ताडयित्वा तु तावेव जायते कच्छपो नृप

M. N. Dutt: Having spoken ill of parents one is born as a Sarika. Striking them one is born, O king as a tortoise.

BORI CE: 13-112-054

कच्छपो दश वर्षाणि त्रीणि वर्षाणि शल्यकः
व्यालो भूत्वा तु षण्मासांस्ततो जायति मानुषः

MN DUTT: 09-111-058

कच्छपो दश वर्षाणि त्रीणि वर्षाणि शल्यकः
व्यालो भूत्वा च षण्मासांस्ततो जायति मानुषः

M. N. Dutt: Living as a tortoise for ten years, he is born as a porcupine. After that he has to take birth as a snake, and living for six months in that form he regains human form.

BORI CE: 13-112-055

भर्तृपिण्डमुपाश्नन्यो राजद्विष्टानि सेवते
सोऽपि मोहसमापन्नो मृतो जायति वानरः

MN DUTT: 09-111-059

भर्तृपिण्डमुपाश्नन् यो राजद्विष्टानि सेवते
सोऽपि मोहसमापन्नो मृतो जायति वानरः

M. N. Dutt: That man who, while living upon the food that his royal master supplies, commits deeds injurious to the interests of his master, stupefied by folly, has, after death, to take birth as a monkey.

BORI CE: 13-112-056

वानरो दश वर्षाणि त्रीणि वर्षाणि मूषकः
श्वा भूत्वा चाथ षण्मासांस्ततो जायति मानुषः

MN DUTT: 09-111-060

वानरो दश वर्षाणि पञ्च वर्षाणि मूषिकः
श्वाथ भूत्वा तु षण्मा सांस्ततो जायति मानुषः

M. N. Dutt: For ten years he has to live as a monkey, and after that for five years as a mouse. After that he is born as a dog, and living in that form for six months he succeeds in regaining his human form.

BORI CE: 13-112-057

न्यासापहर्ता तु नरो यमस्य विषयं गतः
संसाराणां शतं गत्वा कृमियोनौ प्रजायते

MN DUTT: 09-111-061

न्यासापहर्ता तु नरो यमस्य विषयं गतः
संसाराणां शतं गत्वा कृमियोनौ प्रजायते

M. N. Dutt: That man who misappropriates what is deposited with him in trust, has to undergo a hundred births. He at last takes birth as a vile worm.

BORI CE: 13-112-058

तत्र जीवति वर्षाणि दश पञ्च च भारत
दुष्कृतस्य क्षयं गत्वा ततो जायति मानुषः

MN DUTT: 09-111-062

तत्र जीवति वर्षाणि दश पञ्च च भारत
दुष्कृतस्य क्षयं कृत्वा ततो जायति मानुषः

M. N. Dutt: In that order he has to live for fifteen years, O Bharata. Upon the exhaustion of his sin in this way, he succeeds in regaining his human form.

BORI CE: 13-112-059

असूयको नरश्चापि मृतो जायति शार्ङ्गकः
विश्वासहर्ता तु नरो मीनो जायति दुर्मतिः

MN DUTT: 09-111-063

M. N. Dutt: That man who has malice towards others, has, after death, to take birth as a sharngaka. That wicked man who becomes guilty of breach of trust has to take birth as a fish.

BORI CE: 13-112-060

भूत्वा मीनोऽष्ट वर्षाणि मृगो जायति भारत
मृगस्तु चतुरो मासांस्ततश्छागः प्रजायते

MN DUTT: 09-111-064

भूत्वा मीनोऽष्ट वर्षाणि मृतो जायति भारत
मृगस्तु चतुरो मासांस्ततश्छागः प्रजायते

M. N. Dutt: Living as a fish for eight years he is born, O Bharata, as a deer. Living as a deer for four months he is next born as a goat.

BORI CE: 13-112-061

छागस्तु निधनं प्राप्य पूर्णे संवत्सरे ततः
कीटः संजायते जन्तुस्ततो जायति मानुषः

MN DUTT: 09-111-065

छागस्तु निधनं प्राप्य पूर्ण संवत्सरे ततः
कीटः संजायते जन्तुस्ततो जायति मानुषः

M. N. Dutt: After the expiration of a full year, he renounces his goatish body, and is then born as a worm. After that he succeeds in regaining his human form.

BORI CE: 13-112-062

धान्यान्यवांस्तिलान्माषान्कुलत्थान्सर्षपांश्चणान्
कलायानथ मुद्गांश्च गोधूमानतसीस्तथा

BORI CE: 13-112-063

सस्यस्यान्यस्य हर्ता च मोहाज्जन्तुरचेतनः
स जायते महाराज मूषको निरपत्रपः

MN DUTT: 09-111-066

धान्यान् यवास्तिलान् माषान् कुलत्थान् सर्षपांश्चणान् कलापानथ मुद्गांश्च गोधूमानतसींस्तथा
सस्यस्यान्यस्य हर्ता च मोहाज्जन्तुरचेतनः
स जायते महाराज मूषिको निरपत्रपः

M. N. Dutt: That shameless insensate man who, through stupefaction, steals paddy, barley sesame, Masha, Kulattha, oil seeds, oats Kalaya, Mudga, wheat, Atasi, and other kinds of corn, is born as a mouse.

BORI CE: 13-112-064

ततः प्रेत्य महाराज पुनर्जायति सूकरः
सूकरो जातमात्रस्तु रोगेण म्रियते नृप

MN DUTT: 09-111-067

ततः प्रेत्य महाराज मृतो जायति सूकरः
सूकरो जातमात्रस्तु रोगेण म्रियते नृप

M. N. Dutt: After leading the life for sometime, he is next born as a hog. As soon as he is born as a hog he has to die of diseasc.

BORI CE: 13-112-065

श्वा ततो जायते मूढः कर्मणा तेन पार्थिव
श्वा भूत्वा पञ्च वर्षाणि ततो जायति मानुषः

MN DUTT: 09-111-068

श्वा ततो जायते पूढः कर्मणा तेन पार्थिव
भूत्वा श्वा पञ्च वर्षाणि ततो जायति मानवः

M. N. Dutt: On account of his sin, that foolish man has next to take birth as a dog, O king. Living as a dog for five years, he then regains his human form.

BORI CE: 13-112-066

परदाराभिमर्शं तु कृत्वा जायति वै वृकः
श्वा सृगालस्ततो गृध्रो व्यालः कङ्को बकस्तथा

MN DUTT: 09-111-069

परदाराभिमर्श तु कृत्वा जायति वै वृकः
श्वा शृगालस्ततो गृध्रो व्याल:कंको बकस्तथा

M. N. Dutt: Having committed an act of adultery with the wife of another man, one is born as a wolf. After that he has to assume the forms of a dog and jacka! and vulture. He has next to take birth as a snake and then as a Kanka (a bird of prey) and then as a crane.

BORI CE: 13-112-067

भ्रातुर्भार्यां तु दुर्बुद्धिर्यो धर्षयति मोहितः
पुंस्कोकिलत्वमाप्नोति सोऽपि संवत्सरं नृप

MN DUTT: 09-111-070

भ्रातुर्भार्यो तु पापात्मा यो धर्षयति मोहितः
पुस्कोकिलत्वमाप्नोति सोऽपि संवत्सरं नृप

M. N. Dutt: That sinful wight who out of foolishness, knows his brother's wife, has to take birth as a male Coel and to live in that form for a whole year, O king.

BORI CE: 13-112-068

सखिभार्यां गुरोर्भार्यां राजभार्यां तथैव च
प्रधर्षयित्वा कामाद्यो मृतो जायति सूकरः

MN DUTT: 09-111-071

सखिभार्यां गुरोर्भार्यां राजभार्यां तथैव च
प्रधर्षयित्वा कामाया मृतो जायति सूकरः

M. N. Dutt: He who, through lust, knows the wife of a friend, or the wife of preceptor, or the wife of his king, has after death to take the form of a hog.

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-072

सूकरः पञ्च वर्षाणि दश वर्षाणि श्वाविधः
बिडालः पञ्च वर्षाणि दश वर्षाणि कुक्कुटः

M. N. Dutt: He has to live in this form for five years and then to assume that of a wolf for ten years. For the next five years he has to live as a cat and then for the next ten years as a cock.

BORI CE: 13-112-069

सूकरः पञ्च वर्षाणि पञ्च वर्षाणि श्वाविधः
पिपीलकस्तु षण्मासान्कीटः स्यान्मासमेव च
एतानासाद्य संसारान्कृमियोनौ प्रजायते

BORI CE: 13-112-070

तत्र जीवति मासांस्तु कृमियोनौ त्रयोदश
ततोऽधर्मक्षयं कृत्वा पुनर्जायति मानुषः

MN DUTT: 09-111-072

MN DUTT: 09-111-073

पिपीलकस्तु मासांस्त्रीन् कीट:स्यान्मासमेव तु
एतानासाद्य संसारान् कृमियोनौ प्रजायते
तत्र जीवति मासांस्तु कृमियोनौ चतुर्दश
ततोऽधर्मक्षयं कृत्वा पुनर्जायति मानवः

M. N. Dutt: He has to live in this form for five years and then to assume that of a wolf for ten years. For the next five years he has to live as a cat and then for the next ten years as a cock. He is next born as an ant, for three months and then as a worm for a month. Having undergone these births, he has next to live as a vile worm for fourteen years. When his sin becomes exhausted by such punishment, he at last regains the human form.

BORI CE: 13-112-071

उपस्थिते विवाहे तु दाने यज्ञेऽपि वाभिभो
मोहात्करोति यो विघ्नं स मृतो जायते कृमिः

MN DUTT: 09-111-074

उपस्थिते विवाहे तु यज्ञे दानेऽपि वा विभो
मोहात् करोति यो विघ्नं स मृतो जायते कृमिः

M. N. Dutt: When a marriage is about to take place a sacrifice or an act of gifts is about to be made, O you of great power the man who puts in any impediment has to take birth in his next life as a vile worm.

BORI CE: 13-112-072

कृमिर्जीवति वर्षाणि दश पञ्च च भारत
अधर्मस्य क्षयं कृत्वा ततो जायति मानुषः

MN DUTT: 09-111-075

कृमिर्जीवति वर्षाणि दश पञ्च च भारत
अधर्मस्य क्षयं कृत्वा ततो जायति मानवः

M. N. Dutt: Assuming such a form he has to live, O Bharata, for fifteen years. When his sin is exhausted by such suffering, he regains the human form.

BORI CE: 13-112-073

पूर्वं दत्त्वा तु यः कन्यां द्वितीये संप्रयच्छति
सोऽपि राजन्मृतो जन्तुः कृमियोनौ प्रजायते

MN DUTT: 09-111-076

पूर्वं दत्त्वा तु यः कन्यां द्वितीये दातुमिच्छति
सोऽपि राजन् मृतो जन्तुः कृमियोनौ प्रजायते

M. N. Dutt: Having once bestowed his daughter in marriage upon a person, he who seeks to bestow her again upon a second husband, is compelled, O king, to take birth among vile worms.

BORI CE: 13-112-074

तत्र जीवति वर्षाणि त्रयोदश युधिष्ठिर
अधर्मसंक्षये युक्तस्ततो जायति मानुषः

MN DUTT: 09-111-077

तत्र जीवति वर्षाणि त्रयोदश युधिष्ठिर
अधर्मसंक्षये युक्तस्ततो जायति मानवः

M. N. Dutt: Assuming such a form, O Yudhishthira, he has to live for thirteen years. Upon the exhaustion of his sin by such sufferance, he regains the human form.

BORI CE: 13-112-075

देवकार्यमुपाकृत्य पितृकार्यमथापि च
अनिर्वाप्य समश्नन्वै ततो जायति वायसः

MN DUTT: 09-111-078

देवकार्यमकृत्वा तु पितृकार्यमथापि वा
अनिर्वाप्य समश्चन् वै मृतो जायति वायसः

M. N. Dutt: He who eats without having performed the rites in honour of the celestials or those in honour of the departed Manes or without having offered (even) oblations of water to both the Rishis and the departed Manes has to take birth as a crow.

BORI CE: 13-112-076

वायसो दश वर्षाणि ततो जायति कुक्कुटः
जायते लवकश्चापि मासं तस्मात्तु मानुषः

MN DUTT: 09-111-079

वायसः शतवर्षाणि ततो जायति कुक्कुटः
जायते व्यालकश्चापि मासं तस्मात् तु मानुषः

M. N. Dutt: Living as a crow for a hundred years, he next assumes the forin of a cock. His next change is that of a snake for a month. After this he regains the human form.

BORI CE: 13-112-077

ज्येष्ठं पितृसमं चापि भ्रातरं योऽवमन्यते
सोऽपि मृत्युमुपागम्य क्रौञ्चयोनौ प्रजायते

MN DUTT: 09-111-080

M. N. Dutt: He who disregards his eldest brother who is like a father, has, after death, to take birth as a crane.

BORI CE: 13-112-078

क्रौञ्चो जीवति मासांस्तु दश द्वौ सप्त पञ्च च
ततो निधनमापन्नो मानुषत्वमुपाश्नुते

MN DUTT: 09-111-081

क्रौञ्चो जीवति वर्षे तु ततो जायति चीरकः
ततो निधनमापन्नो मानुषत्वमुपाश्नुते

M. N. Dutt: Having assumed that form he has to live in it for two years. Renouncing that form at the conclusion of that period, he regains the human forin.

BORI CE: 13-112-079

वृषलो ब्राह्मणीं गत्वा कृमियोनौ प्रजायते
तत्रापत्यं समुत्पाद्य ततो जायति मूषकः

MN DUTT: 09-111-082

वृषलो ब्राह्मणीं गत्वा कृमियोनौ प्रजायते
ततः सम्प्राप्य निधनं जायते सूकरः पुनः

M. N. Dutt: That Shudra who knows a Brahmani woman has after death, to take birth as hog.

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-083

सूकरो जातमात्रस्तु रोगेण म्रियते नृप
श्वा ततो जायते मूढः कर्मणा तेन पार्थिव

M. N. Dutt: As soon as he takes birth in that order he dies of disease, O king. The wretch has next to take birth as a dog, O king, on account of that sinful deed.

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-084

श्वा भूत्वा कृतकर्माऽसौ जायते मानुषस्ततः
तत्रापत्यं समुत्पाद्य मृतो जायति मूषिकः

M. N. Dutt: Renouncing his canine form he regains, upon the exhaustion of his sin, the human form. The Shudra who begets offspring upon a Brahmani woman, leaving off his human form, is born again as a mouse. man

BORI CE: 13-112-080

कृतघ्नस्तु मृतो राजन्यमस्य विषयं गतः
यमस्य विषये क्रुद्धैर्वधं प्राप्नोति दारुणम्

MN DUTT: 09-111-085

कृतघ्नस्तु मृतो राजन् यमस्य विषयं गतः
यमस्य पुरुषैः क्रुद्धैर्वधं प्राप्नोति दारुणम्

M. N. Dutt: The who becomes guilty of ingratitude, O king, has to go to the regions of Yama and there to suffer very painful and severe treatment at the hands of the emissaries, provoked to fury of the grim king of the dead.

BORI CE: 13-112-081

पट्टिसं मुद्गरं शूलमग्निकुम्भं च दारुणम्
असिपत्रवनं घोरं वालुकां कूटशाल्मलीम्

BORI CE: 13-112-082

एताश्चान्याश्च बह्वीः स यमस्य विषयं गतः
यातनाः प्राप्य तत्रोग्रास्ततो वध्यति भारत

MN DUTT: 09-111-086

दण्डं समुन्दरं शूलमग्निकुम्भं च दारुणम्
असिपत्रवनं घोरवालुकं कूटशाल्मलीम्
एताश्चान्याश्च बह्वीश्च यमस्य विषयं गतः
यातनाः प्राप्य तत्रोग्रास्ततो वध्यति भारत

M. N. Dutt: Clubs with heavy hammers and mallets sharppointed lances heated jars, dreadful sword blades heated sands, thorny Shalmalisthese and many other engines of torture such a man has to suffer in the regions of Yama, O Bharata,

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-087

ततो हतः कृतघ्नः स तत्रोग्रैर्भरतर्षभ
संसारचक्रमासाद्य कृमियोनौ प्रजायते

M. N. Dutt: O chief of Bharata's race, having suffered such dreadful treatment in the regions of the grim king of the dead, the ungrateful person has to return to this world and take birth among vile vermin.

BORI CE: 13-112-083

संसारचक्रमासाद्य कृमियोनौ प्रजायते
कृमिर्भवति वर्षाणि दश पञ्च च भारत
ततो गर्भं समासाद्य तत्रैव म्रियते शिशुः

MN DUTT: 09-111-088

कृमिर्भवति वर्षाणि दश पञ्च च भारत
ततो गर्भं समासाद्य तत्रैव म्रियते शिशुः

M. N. Dutt: He has to live as a vile vermin for a period of fifteen years, O Bharata. He has then to enter the womb and dic prematurely before birth.

BORI CE: 13-112-084

ततो गर्भशतैर्जन्तुर्बहुभिः संप्रजायते
संसारांश्च बहून्गत्वा ततस्तिर्यक्प्रजायते

MN DUTT: 09-111-089

ततो गर्भशतैर्जन्तुर्बहुभिः सम्प्रद्यते
संसारांश्च बहून् गत्वा ततस्तिर्यक्षु जायते

M. N. Dutt: After this that person has to enter the womb a hundred times successively. Indeed, having undergone a hundred rebirths, he at last is born as a creature in some interinediate order between man and inanimate nature.

BORI CE: 13-112-085

मृतो दुःखमनुप्राप्य बहुवर्षगणानिह
अपुनर्भावसंयुक्तस्ततः कूर्मः प्रजायते

MN DUTT: 09-111-090

ततो दुःखमनुप्राप्य बहु वर्षगणानिह
अपुनर्भवसंयुक्तस्तत: कूर्मः प्रजायते

M. N. Dutt: Having suffered misery for a great many years, he has to take birth as hairless tortoise.

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-091

दधि हत्वा बकश्चापि प्लवो मत्स्यानसंस्कृतान्
चोरयित्वा तु दुर्बुद्धिर्मधु दंशः प्रजायते

M. N. Dutt: A person who steals curds is born as a crane. One becomes a monkey by stealing raw fish. That intelligent man who steals honey, is born as a gadfly.

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-092

फलं वा मूलकं हृत्वा अपूपं वा पिपीलिकाः
चोरयित्वा च निष्पावं जायते हलगोलकः

M. N. Dutt: By stealing fruits or roots or cakes, one becomes an ant. By stealing Nishpava, one becomes a Halagolaka.

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-093

पायसं चोरयित्वा तु तित्तिरित्वमवाप्नुते
हृत्वा पिष्टमयं पूपं कुम्भोलूकः प्रजायते

M. N. Dutt: By stealing Payasa, one becomes, in his next birth, a Tittiri bird. By stealing cakes, one becomes a screechowl.

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-094

अयो हत्वा तु दुर्बुद्धिर्वायसो जायते नरः
कांस्यं हत्वा तु दुर्बुद्धिरेरितो जायते नरः

M. N. Dutt: That littlewitted man who steals iron has to take birth as a cow. That man who steals white brass, is born as a bird of the Harita spccies.

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-095

राजतं भाजनं हृत्वा कपोतः सम्प्रजायते
हृत्वा तु काञ्चनं भाण्डं कृमियोनौ प्रजायते

M. N. Dutt: By stealing a silver vessel, one becomes a pigeon. By stealing a golden vessel, one has to take birth as a vile veriin.

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-096

पत्रोर्णं चोरयित्वा तु कृकलत्वं निगच्छति
कौशिकं तु ततो हत्वा नरो जायति वर्तकः

M. N. Dutt: By stealing a piece of silken cloth, one becomes a Krikara. By stealing a piece of cloth made of red silk, one becomes a Vartaka.

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-097

अंशुकं चोरयित्वा तु शुको जायति मानवः
चोरयित्वा दुकूलं तु मृतो हंसः प्रजायते

M. N. Dutt: By stealing a picce of muslin, one becomes a parrot. By stealing a piece of cloth that is of fine texture one becomes a swan after renouncing his human body.

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-098

क्रौञ्चः कासिकं हृत्वा मृतो जायति मानवः
चोरयित्वा नरः पटें त्वाविकं चैव भारत
क्षौमं च वस्त्रमादाय शशो जन्तुः प्रजायते
वर्णान् हृत्वा तु पुरुषो मृतो जायति बर्हिणः

M. N. Dutt: By stealing a piece of cotton cloth, one becomes a Krauncha bird after renouncing his human body, and O Bharata, stealing a shoulder sheet of cloth, garment made of sheep wool and a piece of linen, one is born as a hare. By stealing different sorts of colouring matter, one is born as a peacock.

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-099

हृत्वा रक्तानि वस्त्राणि जायते जीवजीवकः
वर्णकादींस्तथा गन्धांश्चोरयित्वेह मानवः
छुच्छन्दरित्वमाप्नोति राजञ्लोभपरायणः
तत्र जीवति वर्षाणि ततो दश च पञ्च च

M. N. Dutt: By stealing a piece of red cloth one is born as a bird of the Jivajivaka species. By stealing unguents (such as sandalpaste) and perfumes in this world, the avaricious man, O king, is born as a mole. Assuming the form of a mole one has to live in it for fifteen years.

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-100

अधर्मस्य क्षयं गत्वा ततो जायति मानुषः
चोरयित्वा पयश्चापि बलाका सम्प्रजायते

M. N. Dutt: After the exhaustion of his sin by such suffering he regains the human form. By stealing milk, one becomes a crane.

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-101

यस्तु चोरयते तैलं नरो मोहसमन्वितः
सोऽपि राजन् मृतो जन्तुस्तैलपायी प्रजायते

M. N. Dutt: That inan, king, who through stupefaction of the understanding, steals oil, is born, after renouncing this body, as an animal who lives upon oil as his form.

BORI CE: 13-112-086

अशस्त्रं पुरुषं हत्वा सशस्त्रः पुरुषाधमः
अर्थार्थी यदि वा वैरी स मृतो जायते खरः

MN DUTT: 09-111-102

अशस्त्रं पुरुषं हत्वा सशस्त्र: पुरुषाधमः
अर्थार्थी यदि वा वैरी स मृतो जायते खरः

M. N. Dutt: That wretch who, himself wellarmed, kills another while that other is unarined, for getting his riches or out of hostile feelings, has, after renouncing his human body, to take birth as an ass.

BORI CE: 13-112-087

खरो जीवति वर्षे द्वे ततः शस्त्रेण वध्यते
स मृतो मृगयोनौ तु नित्योद्विग्नोऽभिजायते

MN DUTT: 09-111-103

M. N. Dutt: Assuming that assinine form, he has to live for a period of two years and then he is killed by a weapon, Renouncing his assinine body, he has to take birth, in his next life, as a deer always anxious (for fear of being killed.)

BORI CE: 13-112-088

मृगो वध्यति शस्त्रेण गते संवत्सरे तु सः
हतो मृगस्ततो मीनः सोऽपि जालेन बध्यते

BORI CE: 13-112-089

मासे चतुर्थे संप्राप्ते श्वापदः संप्रजायते
श्वापदो दश वर्षाणि द्वीपी वर्षाणि पञ्च च

MN DUTT: 09-111-104

अधर्मस्य क्षयं कृत्वा मृगो वध्यति शस्त्रेण गते संवत्सरे तु सः
हतो मृगस्ततो मीनः सोऽपि जालेन बध्यते
मासे चतुर्थे सम्प्राप्ते श्वापदः सम्प्रजायते
श्वापदो दश वर्षाणि द्वीपी वर्षाणि पञ्च च

M. N. Dutt: Upon the expiration of a year from the time of his birth as a deer, he is killed by a weapon. Thus renouncing his form of a deer, he next takes birth as a fish and dies on account of being dragged up in a net, on the expiration of the fourth month. He has next to take birth as a beasts of prey. He has to live in that form, for ten years and then he takes birth as a bird in which form he has to live for five years.

BORI CE: 13-112-090

ततस्तु निधनं प्राप्तः कालपर्यायचोदितः
अधर्मस्य क्षयं कृत्वा ततो जायति मानुषः

MN DUTT: 09-111-105

ततस्तु निधनं प्राप्तः कालपर्यायचोदितः
ततो जायति मानुषः

M. N. Dutt: Actuated by the change that is occasioned by time, he then renounces that form and, his sin having been exhausted, he regains the human form.

BORI CE: 13-112-091

स्त्रियं हत्वा तु दुर्बुद्धिर्यमस्य विषयं गतः
बहून्क्लेशान्समासाद्य संसारांश्चैव विंशतिम्

MN DUTT: 09-111-106

स्त्रियं हत्वा तु दुर्बुद्धिर्यमस्य विषयं गतः
बहून् क्लेशान् समासाद्य संसारांश्चैव विंशतिम्

M. N. Dutt: That man of little understanding who slays a woman has to go to the regions of Yama and to suffer various kinds of pain and misery. He then has to pass through full twentyone transformations.

BORI CE: 13-112-092

ततः पश्चान्महाराज कृमियोनौ प्रजायते
कृमिर्विंशतिवर्षाणि भूत्वा जायति मानुषः

MN DUTT: 09-111-107

M. N. Dutt: After that, О king, he has to take birth as a vile vermin. Living as a vermin for twenty years, he regains the human form.

BORI CE: 13-112-093

भोजनं चोरयित्वा तु मक्षिका जायते नरः
मक्षिकासंघवशगो बहून्मासान्भवत्युत
ततः पापक्षयं कृत्वा मानुषत्वमवाप्नुते

MN DUTT: 09-111-108

भोजनं चोरयित्वा तु मक्षिका जायते नरः
मक्षिकासंघवशगो बहून् मासान् भवत्युता
११९
ततः पापक्षयं कृत्वा मानुषत्वमवाप्नुते
धान्यं हत्वा तु पुरुषो लोमशः सम्प्रजायते

M. N. Dutt: By stealing food, one has to take birth as a bee. Living for many months in the company of other bees, his sin become exhausted and he regains the human form. By stealing paddy, one becomes a cat.

BORI CE: 13-112-094

वाद्यं हृत्वा तु पुरुषो मशकः संप्रजायते
तथा पिण्याकसंमिश्रमशनं चोरयेन्नरः
स जायते बभ्रुसमो दारुणो मूषको नरः

MN DUTT: 09-111-109

तथा पिण्याकसम्मिश्रमशनं चोरयेन्नरः
स जायते बभ्रुसमो दारुणो मूषिको नरः

M. N. Dutt: That man who steals food mixed with sesame cakes is in his next birth born as a mouse large or small according to the largeness or smallness of the quantity stolen.

BORI CE: 13-112-095

लवणं चोरयित्वा तु चीरीवाकः प्रजायते
दधि हृत्वा बकश्चापि प्लवो मत्स्यानसंस्कृतान्

Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version.

Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version.

BORI CE: 13-112-096

चोरयित्वा पयश्चापि बलाका संप्रजायते
यस्तु चोरयते तैलं तैलपायी प्रजायते
चोरयित्वा तु दुर्बुद्धिर्मधु दंशः प्रजायते

Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version.

Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version.

BORI CE: 13-112-097

अयो हृत्वा तु दुर्बुद्धिर्वायसो जायते नरः
पायसं चोरयित्वा तु तित्तिरित्वमवाप्नुते

Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version.

Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version.

BORI CE: 13-112-098

हृत्वा पैष्टमपूपं च कुम्भोलूकः प्रजायते
फलं वा मूलकं हृत्वा अपूपं वा पिपीलिकः

Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version.

Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version.

BORI CE: 13-112-099

कांस्यं हृत्वा तु दुर्बुद्धिर्हारीतो जायते नरः
राजतं भाजनं हृत्वा कपोतः संप्रजायते

Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version.

Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version.

BORI CE: 13-112-100

हृत्वा तु काञ्चनं भाण्डं कृमियोनौ प्रजायते
क्रौञ्चः कार्पासिकं हृत्वा मृतो जायति मानवः

Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version.

Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version.

BORI CE: 13-112-101

चोरयित्वा नरः पट्टं त्वाविकं वापि भारत
क्षौमं च वस्त्रमादाय शशो जन्तुः प्रजायते

Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version.

Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version.

BORI CE: 13-112-102

वर्णान्हृत्वा तु पुरुषो मृतो जायति बर्हिणः
हृत्वा रक्तानि वस्त्राणि जायते जीवजीवकः

Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version.

Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version.

BORI CE: 13-112-103

वर्णकादींस्तथा गन्धांश्चोरयित्वा तु मानवः
छुच्छुन्दरित्वमाप्नोति राजँल्लोभपरायणः

Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version.

Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version.

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-110

दशन् वै मानुषान्नित्यं पापात्मा स विशाम्पते
घृतं हृत्वा तु दुर्बुद्धिः काकमद्गुः प्रजायते

M. N. Dutt: He bites human beings every day and, therefore, becomes sinful and passes through a varied round of rebirths. That foolish man who steals clarified butter has to take birth as a gallinule.

Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE

MN DUTT: 09-111-111

मत्स्यमांसमथो हृत्वा काको जायति दुर्मतिः
लवणं चोरयित्वा तु चिरिकाकः प्रजायते

M. N. Dutt: That wicked man who steals fish has to take birth as a crow. By stealing salt one has to take birth as an imitating parrot.

BORI CE: 13-112-104

विश्वासेन तु निक्षिप्तं यो निह्नवति मानवः
स गतासुर्नरस्तादृङ्मत्स्ययोनौ प्रजायते

MN DUTT: 09-111-112

विश्वासेन तु निक्षिप्तं यो विनिहोति मानवः
स गतायुर्नरस्तात मत्स्ययोनौ प्रजायते

M. N. Dutt: That man who misappropriates trust property, has to suffer a diminution in the period of his life and dying has to take birth ainong fishes.

BORI CE: 13-112-105

मत्स्ययोनिमनुप्राप्य मृतो जायति मानुषः
मानुषत्वमनुप्राप्य क्षीणायुरुपपद्यते

MN DUTT: 09-111-113

M. N. Dutt: Having lived for sometime as a fish, he dies and regains the human form. Regaining, however, the human form he becomes short lived.

BORI CE: 13-112-106

पापानि तु नरः कृत्वा तिर्यग्जायति भारत
न चात्मनः प्रमाणं ते धर्मं जानन्ति किंचन

MN DUTT: 09-111-114

पापानि तु नराः कृत्वा तिर्यग् जायन्ति भारत
न चात्मनः प्रमाणं ते धर्मे जानन्ति किंचन

M. N. Dutt: Indeed having perpetrated sins, O Bharata, one has to take birth in an order intermediate between that of humanity and vegetables. Those people do not know the principles of virtue who take their own hearts for their guide.

BORI CE: 13-112-107

ये पापानि नराः कृत्वा निरस्यन्ति व्रतैः सदा
सुखदुःखसमायुक्ता व्याधितास्ते भवन्त्युत

MN DUTT: 09-111-115

ये पापानि नराः कृत्वा निरस्यन्ति व्रतैः सदा
सुखदुःखसमायुक्ता व्यथितास्ते भवन्त्युत

M. N. Dutt: Those men who commit various sinful deeds, and then scck to expiate them by continuous vows and observances of piety, enjoy happiness and suffer misery and live in great anxiety of heart.

BORI CE: 13-112-108

असंवासाः प्रजायन्ते म्लेच्छाश्चापि न संशयः
नराः पापसमाचारा लोभमोहसमन्विताः

MN DUTT: 09-111-116

M. N. Dutt: Those sinful men who yield to the influence of cupidity and stupefaction, are surely born as Mlechchhas who are uriworthy of being associated with.

BORI CE: 13-112-109

वर्जयन्ति च पापानि जन्मप्रभृति ये नराः
अरोगा रूपवन्तस्ते धनिनश्च भवन्त्युत

MN DUTT: 09-111-117

M. N. Dutt: Those men, on the other hand, who abstain from sin all their lives, become free from disease of every sort gifted with beauty of form, and possessed of riches.

BORI CE: 13-112-110

स्त्रियोऽप्येतेन कल्पेन कृत्वा पापमवाप्नुयुः
एतेषामेव जन्तूनां पत्नीत्वमुपयान्ति ताः

MN DUTT: 09-111-118

स्त्रियोऽप्येतेन कल्पेन कृत्वा पापमवाप्नुयुः
एतेषामेव जन्तूनां भार्यात्वमुपयान्ति ताः

M. N. Dutt: Women also when they act in this way attain to births of the same kind. Indeed, they have to take births as the males of the animals I have mentioned.

BORI CE: 13-112-111

परस्वहरणे दोषाः सर्व एव प्रकीर्तिताः
एतद्वै लेशमात्रेण कथितं ते मयानघ
अपरस्मिन्कथायोगे भूयः श्रोष्यसि भारत

MN DUTT: 09-111-119

परस्वहरणे दोषाः सर्व एव प्रकीर्तिताः
एतद्धि लेशमात्रेण कथितं ते मयाऽनद्य

M. N. Dutt: I have told you all the faults of the misappropriation of others' properties. I have described to you very briefly the subject, O sinless one.

BORI CE: 13-112-112

एतन्मया महाराज ब्रह्मणो वदतः पुरा
सुरर्षीणां श्रुतं मध्ये पृष्टश्चापि यथातथम्

BORI CE: 13-112-113

मयापि तव कार्त्स्न्येन यथावदनुवर्णितम्
एतच्छ्रुत्वा महाराज धर्मे कुरु मनः सदा

MN DUTT: 09-111-120

अपरस्मिन् कथायोगे भूयः श्रोष्यसि भारत
एतन्मया महाराज ब्रह्मणो वदतः पुरा
सुरर्षीणां श्रुतं मध्ये पृष्टश्चापि यथातथम्
मयापि तच्च कार्थेन यथावदनुवर्णितम्
एतच्छुत्वा महाराज धर्मे कुरु मनः सदा

M. N. Dutt: In connection with some other subject, O Bharata, you will again hear of those faults. I heard all this O king, Formerly from Bhrahman himself, and I asked all about it in a proper way, when he described it in the midst of the celestial Rishis. I have told you truly and in detail all that you had asked me. Having listened to all this,.o king, do you always set your heart on virtue.

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