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Book 14 – Chapter 035
BORI CE: 14-035-001 अर्जुन उवाच |
MN DUTT: 09-203-001 अर्जुन उवाच ब्रह्म यत्परमं ज्ञेयं तन्मे व्याख्यातुमर्हसि |
M. N. Dutt: Arjuna said You should explain Brahma to me, that which is the highest object of knowledge. Through your favour, my mind is delighted with these subtle disquisition's. |
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BORI CE: 14-035-002 वासुदेव उवाच |
MN DUTT: 09-203-002 वासुदेव उवाच अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् |
M. N. Dutt: Vasudeva said Regarding it is recited the old discourse between a preceptor and his disciple on the subject of Brahma. |
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BORI CE: 14-035-003 कश्चिद्ब्राह्मणमासीनमाचार्यं संशितव्रतम् |
MN DUTT: 09-203-003 कश्चिद् ब्राह्मणमासीनमाचार्यं संशितव्रतम् |
M. N. Dutt: Once on a time, O destroyer of enemics, an intelligent disciple questioned certain Brahmana of rigid vows who was preceptor, as a he was scated, saying-What, indeed, is the highest good? |
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BORI CE: 14-035-004 भगवन्तं प्रपन्नोऽहं निःश्रेयसपरायणः |
MN DUTT: 09-203-004 भगवन्तं प्रपन्नोऽहं निःश्रेयसपरायणः |
M. N. Dutt: Desirous of acquiring that which forms the highest good, I throw myself at your fect, O holy one! O learned Brahmana, I solicit you, bending my head, to explain to me what I ask. |
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BORI CE: 14-035-005 तमेवंवादिनं पार्थ शिष्यं गुरुरुवाच ह |
MN DUTT: 09-203-005 तभेवंवादिनं पार्थ शिष्यं गुरुरुवाच ह |
M. N. Dutt: To that disciple, O son of Pritha, who said So, the preceptor said, O twice-born one, I shall explain to you everything about which you may have any doubts. |
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BORI CE: 14-035-006 इत्युक्तः स कुरुश्रेष्ठ गुरुणा गुरुवत्सलः |
MN DUTT: 09-203-006 इत्युक्तः स कुरुश्रेष्ठ गुरुणा गुरुवत्सलः |
M. N. Dutt: Thus addressed, O foremost one of Kuru's race, by his preceptor, that disciple who was greatly devoted to his preceptor, spoke as follows, with joined hands. Do you hear what he said, O you of great intelligence. |
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BORI CE: 14-035-007 शिष्य उवाच |
MN DUTT: 09-203-007 शिष्य उवाच कुतश्चाहं कुतश्च त्वं तत्सत्यं ब्रूहि यत्परम् |
M. N. Dutt: Whence aim I? Whence are you? Explain that which is the highest truth. From what source have originated all creatures mobile and immobile? |
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BORI CE: 14-035-008 केन जीवन्ति भूतानि तेषामायुः किमात्मकम् |
MN DUTT: 09-203-008 केन जीवन्ति भूतानि तेषामायुश्च किं परम् |
M. N. Dutt: By what do creatures live? What is the limit of their life? What is truth? What is penance, O learned Brahmana? What are called qualities by the good? |
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BORI CE: 14-035-009 एतान्मे भगवन्प्रश्नान्याथातथ्येन सत्तम |
MN DUTT: 09-203-009 के पन्थान: शिवाश्च स्युः किं सुखं किं च दुष्कृतम् |
M. N. Dutt: What paths are to be called auspicious? What is happiness? What is sin? O holy one, O you of excellent vows, you should answer these questions of mine, O learned Rishi, correctly, truly, and accurately. Who else is there in this world than you who is capable of answering these questions? |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 09-203-010 ब्रूहि धर्मविदां श्रेष्ठ परं कौतूहलं मम |
M. N. Dutt: Do you answer them, o foremost of all persons knowing duties! My curiosity is great. you are celebrated in all the worlds as one well-skilled in the duties about liberation. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 09-203-011 सर्वसंशयसंच्छेत्ता त्वदन्यो न च विद्यते |
M. N. Dutt: There is none else save you who can remove all kinds of doubts. Afraid of worldly life, we have become desirous of acquiring Liberation. |
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BORI CE: 14-035-010 वासुदेव उवाच BORI CE: 14-035-011 तान्प्रश्नानब्रवीत्पार्थ मेधावी स धृतव्रतः |
MN DUTT: 09-203-012 वासुदेव उवाच तस्मै सम्प्रतिपन्नाय यथावत् परिपृच्छते |
M. N. Dutt: Vasudeva said To that disciple who had humbly sought his instruction and put the questions duly. Who was devoted to his preceptor and endued with tranquillity, and who always acted in a manner that was agreeable (to his instructor), who lived so constantly by the side of his instructor as to have almost become his shadow, who was selfcontrolled and who had the life of a Yati and a Brahmacharin, O son of Pritha, that preceptor gifted with intelligence and observant of vows, duly explained all the questions, O foremost of Kuru's race, O chastiser of all enemies. |
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BORI CE: 14-035-012 ब्रह्मप्रोक्तमिदं धर्ममृषिप्रवरसेवितम् |
MN DUTT: 09-203-013 गुरुरुवाच ब्रह्मणोक्तमिदं सर्वमृषिप्रवरसेवितम् |
M. N. Dutt: All this was declared by Brahman himself. Applauded and practised by the foreinost of Rishis, and depending on Vedic knowledge it involves a consideration of what forms the real entity. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 09-203-014 ज्ञानं त्वेव परं विद्यः संन्यासं तप उत्तमम् |
M. N. Dutt: We regard knowledge to be that highest object, and renunciation as the best penance. He who, certainly, knows the true object of knowledge which is incapable of being modified by circumstances, viz., the soul living in all creatures, succeeds in going wherever he likes and comes to be considered as the highest. That learned man who sees the residence of all things in one place and their severance as well, and who sees unity in diversity, succeeds in freeing himself from misery. He who does not long for anything and does not cherish the idea of mineness abut any thing, comes to be considered, although living in this world, as being at one with Brahina. He who knows the truth about the qualities of Nature, acquainted with the creation of all existent objects, divested of egoism, and without pride, succeeds, forsooth, in freeing himself. Understanding properly that great tree which has the unmanifest for its seed-sprout and the understanding for its trunk, and high consciousness of self for its branches, and the senses for the cells whence its twigs issue and the (five) great elements for its flower-buds, and the gross elements for its smaller boughs, which has leaves, which always puts forth flowers, and upon which all existent objects depend, whose seeds is Brahma, and which is eternal, and cutting all subjects with the sharp sword of knowledge, one acquires immortality and renounces birth and death. |
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BORI CE: 14-035-013 भूतभव्यभविष्यादिधर्मकामार्थनिश्चयम् BORI CE: 14-035-014 प्रवक्ष्येऽहं महाप्राज्ञ पदमुत्तममद्य ते |
MN DUTT: 09-203-015 भूतभव्यभविष्यादि धर्मकामार्थनिश्चयम् |
M. N. Dutt: The conclusions about the past, present, and future, etc., and religion, pleasure, and profit, which are all well known to Siddhas, which belong to remote ages, and which are, indeed, eternal, I shall declare to you. O you of great wisdom! These form what is called Good, Wise Men, understanding them in this world, acquire success. |
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BORI CE: 14-035-015 उपगम्यर्षयः पूर्वं जिज्ञासन्तः परस्परम् BORI CE: 14-035-016 वसिष्ठः काश्यपश्चैव विश्वामित्रोऽत्रिरेव च |
MN DUTT: 09-203-016 उपगम्यर्षयः पूर्वं जिज्ञासन्तः परस्परम् |
M. N. Dutt: Formerly, the Rishis Brihaspati Bharadvaja, Gautama Bhargava, Vasishtha, Kashyapa, Vishvamitra and Atri, assembled together for the purpose of asking one another. They thus assembled together after having travelled over all paths and after they had got tired with the deeds each of them had done. |
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BORI CE: 14-035-017 ऋषिमाङ्गिरसं वृद्धं पुरस्कृत्य तु ते द्विजाः |
MN DUTT: 09-203-017 ऋषिमाङ्गिरसं वृद्धं पुरस्कृत्य तु ते द्विजाः |
M. N. Dutt: Those twice-born persons, headed by the sage son of Angirasa, proceeded to the region of the Grandfather. There they saw Brahman perfectly purged of all sin. |
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BORI CE: 14-035-018 तं प्रणम्य महात्मानं सुखासीनं महर्षयः |
MN DUTT: 09-203-018 तं प्रणम्य महात्मानं सुखासीनं महर्षयः |
M. N. Dutt: Bowing their heads to that great one who was seated at their ease, the great Rishis, gifted with humility, asked him this grave question about the highest good. |
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BORI CE: 14-035-019 कथं कर्म क्रियात्साधु कथं मुच्येत किल्बिषात् |
MN DUTT: 09-203-019 कथं कर्म क्रियात् साधु कथं मुच्येत किल्बिषात् |
M. N. Dutt: How should a good man act? How would one be freed from sin? What paths are: auspicious for us? What is truth, and what is sin? |
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BORI CE: 14-035-020 केनोभौ कर्मपन्थानौ महत्त्वं केन विन्दति |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 09-203-020 को चोभौ कर्मणां मार्गों प्राप्नुयुर्दक्षिणोत्तरौ |
M. N. Dutt: By what action are the two paths, northern and southern, obtained? What is destruction? What, Liberation? What is birth and what death of all existent objects? |
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BORI CE: 14-035-021 इत्युक्तः स मुनिश्रेष्ठैर्यदाह प्रपितामहः |
MN DUTT: 09-203-021 इत्युत्ताः स मुनिश्रेष्ठैर्यदाह प्रपितामहः |
M. N. Dutt: I shall tell you. O disciple, what the Grandfather, thus addressed, said to them, according to the scriptures. Do you listen. |
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BORI CE: 14-035-022 ब्रह्मोवाच |
MN DUTT: 09-203-022 ब्राह्मण उवाच सत्याद् भूतानि जातानि स्थावराणि चराणि च |
M. N. Dutt: It is from Truth that all creatures, mobile and immobile, have been born. They live by penance (or action). Understand this, O you of excellent vows! On account of their own actions they live, transcending their own origin. |
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BORI CE: 14-035-023 स्वां योनिं पुनरागम्य वर्तन्ते स्वेन कर्मणा |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 09-203-023 सत्यं हि गुणसंयुक्तं नियतं पञ्चलक्षणम् |
M. N. Dutt: For Truth when united with qualities becomes always possessed of five marks. Brahman is Truth. Penance is truth. Prajapati is truth. |
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BORI CE: 14-035-024 ब्रह्म सत्यं तपः सत्यं सत्यं चैव प्रजापतिः BORI CE: 14-035-025 तस्मात्सत्याश्रया विप्रा नित्यं योगपरायणाः BORI CE: 14-035-026 अन्योन्यनियतान्वैद्यान्धर्मसेतुप्रवर्तकान् BORI CE: 14-035-027 चातुर्विद्यं तथा वर्णांश्चतुरश्चाश्रमान्पृथक् BORI CE: 14-035-028 पन्थानं वः प्रवक्ष्यामि शिवं क्षेमकरं द्विजाः BORI CE: 14-035-029 गदतस्तं ममाद्येह पन्थानं दुर्विदं परम् |
MN DUTT: 09-203-023 सत्यं हि गुणसंयुक्तं नियतं पञ्चलक्षणम् MN DUTT: 09-203-024 सत्याद् भूतानि जातानि सत्यं भूतमयं जगत् MN DUTT: 09-203-025 धर्ममेकं चतुष्पादं नित्यमाहुर्मनीषिणः MN DUTT: 09-203-026 नियतं ब्रह्मभावाय गतं पूर्वं मनीषिभिः MN DUTT: 09-203-027 निबोधत महाभागा निखिलेन परं पदम् |
M. N. Dutt: For Truth when united with qualities becomes always possessed of five marks. Brahman is Truth. Penance is truth. Prajapati is truth. It is from Truth that all creatures have originated. Truth is the universe of being. It is for this that Brahmanas who are always devoted to Yoga, who have got over anger and sorrow, and who always consider Religion as the causeway, take refuge in Truth. I shall now speak of those Brahmanas who are controlled by one another and endued with knowledge, of the orders, and of those who belong to the four modes of life. The wise say that Rcligion or duty is one, having four quarters. You twice born ones, I shall speak to you now of that path which is auspicious and yields good. That path has constantly been trod over by wise men in order to acquirc an identity with Brahmana. I shall speak now of that path which is the highest and which is highly difficult of being understood. Do you understand, in all its fullness, you highly blessed ones, what is the highest set. The first step has been said to be the mode of life that belongs to Brahmacharins. |
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BORI CE: 14-035-030 ब्रह्मचारिकमेवाहुराश्रमं प्रथमं पदम् |
MN DUTT: 09-203-028 गार्हस्थ्यं तु द्वितीयं स्याद् वानप्रस्थमतः परम् |
M. N. Dutt: The second step is domesticity. After this is the residence in the forcst. After that it should be known is the highest step, viz., that belongs to Adhyatma. |
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BORI CE: 14-035-031 ज्योतिराकाशमादित्यो वायुरिन्द्रः प्रजापतिः |
MN DUTT: 09-203-029 ज्योतिराकाशमादित्यो वायुरिन्द्रः प्रजापतिः |
M. N. Dutt: Light, ether, sun, wind, Indra, and Prajapati, one sees these as long as one does not acquire Adhyatma. |
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BORI CE: 14-035-032 फलमूलानिलभुजां मुनीनां वसतां वने |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
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BORI CE: 14-035-033 सर्वेषामेव वर्णानां गार्हस्थ्यं तद्विधीयते |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
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Corresponding verse not found in BORI CE |
MN DUTT: 09-203-030 तस्योपायं प्रवक्ष्यामि पुरस्तात् तं निबोधत |
M. N. Dutt: I shall declare the means. Do you first understand them. The forest mode of life that is followed by ascetics living in the forest and subsisting upon fruits and roots and air is laid down for the three twice-born classes. The domestic mode of life is ordained for all the orders. |
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BORI CE: 14-035-034 इत्येते देवयाना वः पन्थानः परिकीर्तिताः |
MN DUTT: 09-203-031 श्रद्धालक्षणमित्येवं धर्मं धीराः प्रचक्षते |
M. N. Dutt: The wise say that Religion or duty has Faith for its characteristic mark. Thus have I declared to you the paths leading to the celestials. They are adopted by the good and wise by their a 'ts. Those paihs are the causeways of picty. |
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BORI CE: 14-035-035 एतेषां पृथगध्यास्ते यो धर्मं संशितव्रतः |
MN DUTT: 09-203-032 एतेषां पृथगध्यास्ते यो धर्मं संशितव्रतः |
M. N. Dutt: That persons of rigid vows who follows any one of these modes separately, always succeeds in time to understand the production and destruction of all creatures. |
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BORI CE: 14-035-036 अतस्तत्त्वानि वक्ष्यामि याथातथ्येन हेतुना |
MN DUTT: 09-203-033 अतस्तत्त्वानि वक्ष्यामि याथातथ्येन हेतुना |
M. N. Dutt: I shall now declarc, accurately and with reasons, the elements which live in parts in all objects. |
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BORI CE: 14-035-037 महानात्मा तथाव्यक्तमहंकारस्तथैव च |
MN DUTT: 09-203-034 महानात्मा तथाव्यक्तमहंकारस्तथैव च |
M. N. Dutt: The great soul, the uninanifest, egoisin, the eleven organs (of knowledge and action), the five great elements, the characteristics of the five elements, these form the eternal creation. The number of clements has been said to be twenty-four and one (more). |
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BORI CE: 14-035-038 विशेषाः पञ्चभूतानामित्येषा वैदिकी श्रुतिः |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
Corresponding verse not found in M. N. Dutt's version. |
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BORI CE: 14-035-039 तत्त्वानामथ यो वेद सर्वेषां प्रभवाप्ययौ |
MN DUTT: 09-203-035 तत्त्वानामथ यो वेद सर्वेषां प्रभवाप्ययौ |
M. N. Dutt: That wise person who understands the production and destruction of all these elements, that man among all creatures, never meets with delusion. |
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BORI CE: 14-035-040 तत्त्वानि यो वेदयते यथातथं; गुणांश्च सर्वानखिलाश्च देवताः |
MN DUTT: 09-203-036 तत्त्वानि यो वेदयते यथातथं गुणांश्च सर्वानखिलांश्च देवताः |
M. N. Dutt: Hc who understands the elements accurately, all the qualities, all the celestials, succeeds in purifying himself of all sin. Freed from all fetters, such a man succeeds in enjoying all regions of spotless purity. |
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